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Liberabit: Revista Peruana de
Psicología specializes in the publication of works that address
various areas of Psychology. Our main objective is to contribute
to the dissemination of the scientific production of researchers
in the field of Psychology, providing visibility to their
studies. We strive to become an important source of consultation
and reference in this area. We accept articles written in both
English and Spanish.
- Type of articles
Manuscripts
sent for publication may be:
- Research articles: present information from completed
research involving various types of studies, such as
empirical, instrumental and meta-analytical investigations.
Manuscripts should follow an organized structure that includes
the following sections in the specified order: introduction,
method, results, discussion and references. In addition, if
necessary, appendices may be attached. The maximum word limit
for articles is 8000 words.
- Theoretical articles: present a new theory, analyze existing
theories, or contrast the limitations and advantages of one
theory in relation to another. The structure of these articles
can be flexible, allowing the author to adapt it according to
his/her criteria. However, it is suggested that they include
at least the following sections: introduction, development of
the topic, discussion, conclusions and references. The maximum
length for these articles is 10,000 words.
- Letter to the editor: are intended to contribute to the
scientific discussion of specific topics. These reviews
consist of a critical analysis of an article previously
published in the journal, no more than two issues old, or they
may deal with highly relevant topics that significantly enrich
the content of the journal. Each critical review will have a
maximum length of 1000 words and should include up to 10
bibliographical references.
- Manuscripts format
Manuscripts
should be sent to the OJS platform by attaching the pertinent
files (Ficha 01 and Ficha 02) only in Word format (doc. or
docx.), strictly in accordance with publication standards of the
American Psychological Association (APA), 7th edition.
The
file extension should not exceed the number of words indicated
for each type of article, excluding the title, author(s),
affiliation, abstract, keywords, references, and annexes.
Submitted manuscripts should be 20 to 25 pages in length using
A4 page size, Times New Roman 12-point font, 1.5 line spacing,
2.5 cm margins, and left alignment. (Rules for structuring
papers)
For
articles in English, the authors assume responsibility for the
quality of the writing.
On
the first page, the manuscript title (English and Spanish
version); affiliation, author and correspondence data should
be in Ficha 02, authors should indicate the name, affiliation
and e-mail address as they wish it to appear in the article.
On the second page, the abstract (150 to 200 words) and
keywords (4 to 6) should be included in Spanish and English.
On the following pages, the complete text is included,
adjusted to the type of chosen manuscript format.
Tables and figures should be included at the end of the
manuscript, one on each page, indicating their correlative
order and location in the manuscript. The manuscript content
will have a maximum of five tables and/or five figures.
Figures may be colored or grey, and should be in jpg format
with 300 dpi resolution.
If the work material is subject to copyright, it is the
responsibility of the authors to declare it in the
manuscript.
- Copyright Notice
Copyright
In the event that the manuscript is approved for future
publication, the authors retain the copyright and assign to
the journal the rights to publish, edit, reproduce,
distribute, exhibit, and communicate nationally and
internationally in the various databases, repositories and
portals.
Self-archiving policy
The author can share, disseminate, and publicize his
research published by the media (e.g., academic social
networks, repositories, and portals) available on the web.
During the editorial review process, the journal will
provide the author with the previous versions (post-print)
which should NOT be disclosed by any media, only for
personal use and for final approval.
Liberabit will send the author the final version of the
article (published version) in PDF and HTML to be shared,
disseminated and disclosed by the media available on the
web.
After the publication of the articles, the authors can make
other independent or additional agreements for the
non-exclusive dissemination of the version of the article
published in this journal (publication in books or
institutional repositories), provided that it is indicated
with the respective reference that the work has been
published for the first time in this journal.
Privacy Statement
Liberabit will preserve the names and data included in
the OJS registry. They will be used exclusively for the
purposes indicated by the journal, and will not be
available to any media or people outside the journal.
Guidelines for writing articles
Manuscripts
submitted to Liberabit: Revista Peruana de Psicología should have
the following structure:
- Initial part of the manuscript (first page)
- Title
- Title of the manuscript in Spanish and English.
- In a sentence format, uppercase and lowercase.
Example:
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Propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario para la
Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo
(CESQT) en profesionales de la salud italianos: una
perspectiva de género
Psychometric properties of the Spanish Burnout Inventory
(SBI) in a sample of Italian health professionals: A
gender perspective
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- Authors
Given
names should be followed by surnames
Examples:
- Juan Pablo Barreyro
- Irene Injoque-Ricle
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Authors should be separated by commas and using the word "y"
before the last author's name.
Examples:
- Pedro R. Gil-Monte, Sara Viotti, Daniela
Converso
- Adriana V. L. Espósito, Celina Gabriela
Korzeniowski, Marina Santini Bertoldi
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Place an asterisk (*) to the corresponding author.
Example:
- Institutional affiliation
The first page includes the university and/or
institution, followed by the country of the authors.
Use numbers (superscript) if the authors are from
different affiliations (place first, the name of the
department you belong to and, followed by a comma,
the University).
Examples:
- Universitat de València, España
- Universidad de Turín, Italia
- Instituto de Investigaciones,
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de
Buenos Aires; CONICET, Argentina
- Departamento de Procesos Básicos,
Instituto de Investigaciones, Facultad
de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos
Aires; CONICET, Argentina
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The institutional affiliation and the
mail of each author should be included in the
final part of the manuscript, after references,
in the order that appears on the first page.
- Abstract
In the summary and abstract, the
wording should be between 150 to 200 words in
one paragraph in Spanish and the other in
English.
In the summary of empirical
studies, you must indicate: Introduction,
Objectives, Methods, Results and
Conclusions.
Example:
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Introduction:
Parents’ promotion of challenges
is a resource for adolescents’
positive development and,
specifically, it can constitute
a resource for adolescents who
engage in a high-commitment
activity such as elite sports. Objectives:
The aim of this work is to
present the psychometric
properties of the Parents’
Promotion of Challenges Scale in
elite athletes and to evaluate
the contribution of this
variable in the optimal
experience, or flow, of these
adolescents. Method: A
total of 276 adolescents aged
between 11 and 19 years (M =
15.71; SD = 1.49) representing
Argentinean national teams of
different sports participated in
the study. Fifty four percent
(54%) were males (n = 149) and
46% were females (n = 127). The
participants answered a
socio-demographic questionnaire,
the Parents’ Promotion of
Challenges Scale (EPDP), and the
Flow State Scale for
Adolescents. Results:
The Confirmatory Factor
Analysis, Component of Variance
Analysis and Generalizability
Analysis showed adequate
indicators of validity and
reliability for the EPDP (GFI =
.99; AGFI = .98; CFI = 1; RMSEA
= 0.0; RMR = .06; SRMR = .06;
relative G = .82; absolute G =
.81). Parents’ promotion of
challenges contributes to the
flow through the support
dimension and it is only
significant for women. Conclusions:
This work provides an instrument
for professionals working with
adolescents and allows to
contribute to promote positive
experiences in elite sport.
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The theoretical summary will
have an Introduction, State of the art,
and a Conclusion.
Example:
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Background:
This article presents an
empirical review of the
integration of mindfulness
and emotional intelligence.
Mindfulness is a cognitive
intervention model that
helps people to develop
awareness of their
experience in the present
moment favoring emotional
self-regulation. Similarly,
emotional intelligence has
been conceptualized as a
constellation of abilities
related to the perception,
understanding and adequate
management of emotions
within and among people.
Both conceptual models are
associated with a good sense
of well-being and personal
development. State of
the art: This paper
reviews the preliminary
scientific evidence
published in psychology and
education literature, and
examines the mediating
effects of these two
constructs in the process of
emotional regulation and
quality of life of
individuals. Conclusions:
The study results indicate
that the interaction of
mindfulness and emotional
intelligence offers
important benefits for
people’s well- being. It was
also reported that emotional
intelligence acts as
mediator between mindfulness
and greater positive
emotions. The purpose of
this review article is to
identify a model of
integration for emotional
regulation that includes
«active ingredients» to
influence well-being and the
way in which the practice of
mindfulness contributes to
increase the abilities of
emotional intelligence.
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- Keywords
- Between 4 to 6 words per
article, and they should be
written in Spanish and English.
- It starts with a lowercase
letter, separated by commas and
ends with a period.
Example:
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Palabras
clave: síndrome
de quemarse por el
trabajo; CESQ; género;
análisis factorial
confirmatorio; invarianza
factorial;
profesionales de la salud.
Keywords:
burnout syndrome;
Spanish Burnout
Inventory; SBI; gender;
confirmatory factor
analysis; factor
invariance; health
professionals.
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- Manuscript contents
- Article structure
1.1. Empirical
article
Articles
should have the following
structure:
- Introduction
- Method (see item ii)
- Results
- Discussion
- Conflict of interests
- Ethical responsibility
- References
- Data of the author(s)
and corresponding author
- Annexes (optional)
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1.2. Theorical
article
- Introduction
- Sate of the art
- Conclusion
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- Method
It should
include four sections:
- Participantes
Detail the sample, number of participants, sociodemographic
characteristics of the sample, its obtaining, and the degree of
representativeness.
- Instrumentos
The
name of the instrument followed by the quotation of the
author(s) who created and/or adapted the test, examination,
etc., should be written. The description of the instrument
should explain the characteristics, internal consistency, and
study results.
Examples:
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Cuestionario
de datos demográficos. Se diseñó
un cuestionario para recopilar los datos
demográficos de los pacientes a través del cual se
indagaron: sexo, edad, estado civil, nivel de
educación, ingresos familiares y lugar de
residencia.
Escala de Locus de Control
de la Salud en Dios (GLHC;
Wallston et al., 1999). La escala GLHC está
constituida por seis afirmaciones con opciones
de respuesta en escala de tipo Likert de seis
puntos que van desde totalmente en desacuerdo
con valor de 1, hasta totalmente de acuerdo con
valor de 6, por lo que la puntuación total de la
escala oscila de seis a 36 puntos posibles. La
consistencia interna de la escala fue estimada a
través del coeficiente de alpha en una muestra
de pacientes con artritis reumatoide y otra más
de pacientes con esclerosis sistémica,
habiéndose obtenido coeficientes aceptables de
.87 y de .94, respectivamente.
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- Procedure
Describe
in detail all the phases of the research proposal that can
go from the planning of the manuscript for the application
permits to the safeguarding of the participants'
information.
- Data analysis
The data analysis processes should be described
sequentially, specifying how you plan to perform them
(from descriptive analysis to more complex analysis). In
addition, you must mention the software you used for
data processing.
- Tables and figures (Publication Manual of the APA
Standards 7th edition, 2019)
- The word “Table” and the number
that follows should be in bold and without a period in the
end.
- The title of the table should be
placed on the next line, italicized and not bolded, with the
first letter capitalized and no period in the end.
- A note should be included at the
end of the table.
The
word “Notes” should be italicized and followed by a colon; the
rest of the text should not be written in italics and should
have a period in the end. There are three kinds of notes to
tables according to APA guidelines.
The
notes should reflect what cannot be explained in the title or
the body of the table itself. There are notes a) General,
which provide information on abbreviations, symbols, use of
italics or parentheses (example: ETF = Work Enrichment
Family), b) Specific, referring to particular information
using the word in lower case and superscript (example: Groupo
a) and, c) Probability, which describes the use of statistical
meanings (example: **p < .01).
Example:
- In-text wording of tables
In the document, the word “Table” and the number that
follows should be written in sentence format and unbolded.
Capitalize the first letter. The wording should not be
redundant to what the table expresses, on the contrary, it
should clarify its content.
Examples:
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«La Tabla 2 presenta los estadísticos
descriptivos para las escalas y para los ítems
del CESQT...» «El modelo obtuvo un buen ajuste a
los datos en los dos subgrupos de la variable
género (ver Tabla 2). En la muestra de
hombres...»
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The word “Figure” and the number that follows should be
written in bold and italics, with a period at the end.
The text to the figures should be written in sentence
format and unitalicized. Figures may be colored or grey,
and should be in jpg format with 300 dpi resolution.
Note on the figures: The note goes under the figure,
written in italics and without bold and ending with a
period. Then, information is added about the figure,
it is written without italics and without bold.
Example:
- In-text wording of figures
In the document, the word “Figure” and the number
that follows should be unbolded. Capitalize the
first letter.
Example:
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«De este modo, se configura
un modelo bidimensional que pone en
relación los recursos que la empresa
ofrece al empleado para moderar las
demandas propias de la planificación y
ejecución. La interacción entre estas
dos dimensiones permite predecir el
riesgo de enfermedad relacionado con
el estrés y el comportamiento activo o
pasivo del individuo a través de
cuatro tipos de situaciones
psicosociales (Figura 1).»
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- Citations (Publication Manual of the APA
Standards 7th edition, 2019)
Types of citation
a) In the case of a literal
citation consisting of less than 40 words,
it should include the page or paragraph
number, and be enclosed in quotation marks.
Example:
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En el
estudio de Argüelles-Nava et al.
(2017), explican sobre la
influencia del tratamiento de la
DM2 en los pacientes, «implica
cambios significativos en el
estilo de vida de quienes la
padecen, los mismos que serán
emprendidos o no en función de una
gran diversidad de factores dentro
de los cuales las cogniciones
juegan un papel relevante» (p.
260).
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b) In the case of a literal
citation consisting of more than 40
words, it should be written in
another paragraph, indented, without
quotation marks; and it should include the
page or paragraph number.
Example:
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En
estudios recientes utilizaron
el Inventario de Expectativas
de Autoeficacia Académica
(Hernández, 2018) y los
resultados de esta
investigación fueron:
El
análisis dimensional arroja
que para la dimensión
output, la media aritmética
es 1,93 puntos, que
convirtiéndolo en porcentaje
equivale a 64,33%, lo que
significa que los
estudiantes presentan un
nivel medio de confianza
para poder realizar
exitosamente las actividades
académicas orientadas a la
producción de información o
evidencias. (Hernández,
2018, párr. 49)
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c) Analysis,
paraphrasing, and contextual
citations.
Example:
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En este grupo de
pacientes, varios estudios
han mostrado
consistentemente
alteraciones tanto en la
capacidad para comprender
como para producir
prosodia emocional y
lingüística (Cohen et al.,
1994; Guranski &
Podemski, 2015; Harciarek
et al., 2006; Heilman et
al., 2004; Ross &
Monnot, 2008; Zaidel et
al., 2002). (...) Es por
ello que Snow (2000)
afirmó que las evidencias
provenientes de pacientes
con lesiones del HD no
suelen ser concluyentes
respecto de una distinción
entre prosodia emocional y
lingüística.
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d) For
other types of citations,
check APA guidelines.
Citations
according to the number of
authors
a)
In-text citations enclosed in
parentheses only include one
surname of each author and the
year of publication.
Example:
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...los
planteamientos de
Rotter (1954)
respecto del locus
de control interno
(LC-I), que hace
referencia a que el
individuo se cree
directamente
implicado en la
producción de
ciertos resultados y
por lo tanto el
reforzamiento recae
en sí mismo.si.
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b)
Depending on the wording
type, two types of
connectors (& - and)
are used between the
authors’ surnames. There
are two citation styles:
When authors are not
enclosed in parentheses:
- When authors are not
enclosed in parentheses:
Example:
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Guranski y
Podemski
(2015),
sostienen que
la prosodia
emocional...
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- When authors are
enclosed in
parentheses:
Example:
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....
tanto en la
capacidad para
comprender
como para
producir
prosodia
emocional y
lingüística
(Guranski
&
Podemski,
2015).
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c)
In the case of
two authors,
in-text
citations
enclosed in
parentheses have
no comma before
the ampersand
sign (&).
Examples:
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Se
realizó un
análisis
factorial de
grupo múltiple
con el
programa EQS
6.2 (Bentler
& Wu,
2012) El BFI
tiene ventajas
como su
relativa
brevedad (44
ítems), con
respecto a
otros
instrumentos
como el
NEO-PIR y
NEO-FFI (Costa
& McCrae,
1999).
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d)
Citations of
more than two
authors have a
comma before
the ampersand
sign (&).
Example:
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A
pesar de lo
anterior, la
influencia de
la
religiosidad
sobre la salud
ha sido
pobremente
estudiada en
población
mexicana
(Rivera-Ledesma
et al., 2014).
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e) In
citations of
more than 3
more authors,
cite all of
them the first
time; for
subsequent
citations,
write the
surname of the
first author
followed by et
al.
Example:
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Calderón-De
la Cruz et al.
(2018),
explican «La
autoeficacia,
constructo
desarrollado
en el marco de
la Teoría
Social
Cognitiva»
(párr. 1).
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f) In the case
of several
citations
enclosed in
parentheses,
authors should
be ordered
alphabetically
and separated
by a
semicolon.
Example:
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...los
comportamientos
en salud en
poblaciones y
condiciones
diversas
(Moore, 2014;
Pomeranz et
al., en
prensa;
Tsimtsiou et
al., 2014)
y...
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g)
Authors’
surnames with
a hyphen
should be kept
the same.
Example:
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«Explicado por
Aquino-Remigio
(2018) en su
investigación...»
«En
otros estudios
peruanos,
Salas -Blas
(2018) explica
el uso...»
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h)
Articles that
are under
review or
unpublished
should not be
included in
citations and
references.
i)
For other
types of
citations,
check APA
guidelines.
- References
(Publication
Manual of the
APA Standards
7th edition,
2019)
References
are included
in the
antepenultimate
page, before
the authors’
information,
and should be
ordered
alphabetically.
There are four
types of
references’
internal
order: 1)
alphabetical,
2)
chronological,
3)
alphabetical
by title, and
4) author and
coauthors.
a)
Alphabetical.
Entries are
arranged in
alphabetical
order by the
surname of the
first author
followed by
the initials
of the
author’s given
name.
Examples:
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Instituto
Nacional de
Estadística y
Geografía.
(2011). Panorama
de las
religiones en
México 2010.
Instituto
Nacional de
Estadística y
Geografía,
Secretaría de
Gobernación. https://bit.ly/2vLTG65
Jiménez-Corona,
A., &
Aguilar-Salinas,
C. A. (2013).
Diabetes
mellitus tipo
2 y frecuencia
de acciones
para su
prevención y
control. Salud
Pública de
México, 55(1),
137-143.
Kremer, H.,
Ironson, G.,
& Porr, M.
(2009).
Spiritual and
mind–body
beliefs as
barriers and
motivators to
HIVtreatment
decision-making
and medication
adherence? A
qualitative
study. AIDS
Patient Care
and STDs, 23(2),
127–134. https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2008.0131
McDonald, R.
P. (1999). Test
theory: A
unified
treatment.
L. Erlbaum
Associates.
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b)
Chronological.
It is used to
cite multiple
works by the
same author
with different
years of
publication.
List by year
of
publication,
the earliest
first.
Ejemplos:
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Gil-Monte, P.
R. (2005). El
síndrome de
quemarse por
el trabajo
(burnout). Una
enfermedad
laboral en la
sociedad del
bienestar.
Pirámide.
Gil-Monte,
P. R. (2011).
CESQT. Cuestionario
para la
Evaluación del
Síndrome de
Quemarse por
el Trabajo.
Manual.
TEA Ediciones.
Gil-Monte,
P. R. (2012).
Influence of
guilt on the
relationship
between
burnout and
depression. European
Psychologist,
17,
231-236.
https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000096
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c)
Alphabetical
by title.
When the same
author has
published two
or more works
in the same
year, the
suffixes a, b,
c should be
used to
differentiate
the
references.
After the year
of
publication,
they should be
ordered
alphabetically
by title.
Examples:
|
Dominguez-Lara,
S. (2016a).
Datos
normativos de
la Escala de
Procrastinación
Académica en
estudiantes de
psicología de
Lima. Evaluar,
16, 20-
30. https://doi.org/10.35670/1667-4545.v16.n1.15715
Dominguez-Lara,
S. (2016b).
Intervalos de
confianza en
el reporte de
la fiabilidad:
un análisis
necesario. Anales
del Sistema
Sanitario de
Navarra, 39(1),
169-170.
https://doi.org/10.4321/S1137-6627/2016000100024
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d)
Author and
coauthors.
One-author
entries go
before those
from several
authors
(regardless of
the
publication
date).
References
with the
second or
third coauthor
are ordered
alphabetically
by surname.
Examples:
|
Gil-Monte, P.
R.,
Figueiredo-Ferraz,
H., &
Valdez
Bonilla, H.
(2013). Factor
analysis of
the Spanish
Burnout
Inventory
among Mexican
prison
employees. Canadian
Journal of
Behavioural
Science, 45(2),
96- 104. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027883
Gil-Monte,
P. R., &
Manzano-García,
G. (2015).
Psychometric
properties of
the Spanish
Burnout
Inventory
among staff
nurses. Journal
of Psychiatric
and Mental
Health
Nursing, 22,
756- 763. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12255
Gil-Monte,
P. R., &
Olivares-Faúndez,
V. (2011).
Psychometric
properties of
the «Spanish
Burnout
Inventory» in
Chilean
professionals
working to
physical
disabled
people. The
Spanish
Journal of
Psychology, 14,
441-451. https://doi.org/10.5209/rev_SJOP.2011.v14.n1.40
|
References
include only
one surname
followed by
the initial of
each author’s
given name(s).
References
of two authors
have a comma
before the
ampersand sign
(&).
Example:
|
Dorn,
L., &
Machin, M.
(2004).
Learner
driving
experience
questionnaire.
Cranfield
University, UK
and University
of Southern
Queensland,
Australia.
|
In
references of
three to seven
authors, the
ampersand sign
(&) should
be used
between the
last two
authors.
Example:
|
Falco,
A.,
Piccirelli,
A., Girardi,
D., Dal Corso,
L., & De
Carlo, N.
(2013). Risky
riding
behavior on
two wheels:
The role of
cognitive,
social, and
personality
variables
among young
adolescents. Journal
of Safety
Research, 46,
47-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2013.03.002
|
In
references of
eight or more
authors, the
names of the
first six
authors should
be included,
followed by an
ellipsis (...)
and the last
author's name.
Example:
|
Ferreira,
D., Silva, A.,
Pereira, J.,
Silva, F.,
Wagner, A.,
Winckler,
C.,... Mello,
S. de (2015).
Sleep quality
and
psychobiological
aspects of
Brazilian
Paralympic
athletes in
the London
2012
pre-Paralympics
period. Motriz:
Revista de
Educação
Física, 21(2),
168-176. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-65742015000200007
|
Authors’
surnames with
a hyphen
should be kept
the same.
Example:
|
Aquino-Remigio,
S. (2018) ...
Salas
-Blas,
E.(2017) ...
|
References
having
assigned a DOI
do not have a
period at the
end.
Examples:
|
Maldonado, A.,
Vizeu, B.,
Giacomozzi,
A., &
Berri, B.
(2017).
Representações
sociais do
cuidado ao
idoso e mapas
de rede
social. Liberabit,
23(1),
9-22. https://doi.org/10.24265/liberabit.2017.v23n1.0
Conde,
K., Peltzer,
R.,
Lichtenberger,
A., Tosi, L.,
&
Cremonte, M.
(2017).
Razones para
cambiar el
consumo de
alcohol en
universitarios.
Liberabit,
23(2),
247-258. https://doi.org/10.24265/liberabit.2017.v23n2.06
|
References
with a Web
site should
URL http://...»
Examples:
|
Hernández-Ávila,
M., Gutiérrez,
J. P., &
Reynoso-
Noverón, N.
(2013).
Diabetes
mellitus en
México. El
estado de la
epidemia. Salud
Pública de
México, 55(1),
129-136. http://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/spm/v55s2/v55s2a10.pdf
Corengia,
A., Pita, M.,
Mesurado, B.,
& Centeno,
A. (2013). La
prediccioìn de
rendimiento
acadeìmico y
desercioìn en
estudiantes
universitarios.
Liberabit,
19(1),
101-112. http://revistaliberabit.com/por/revistas/liberabit19_1/
9_corengia.pdf
|
Manuscripts
under review
and
unpublished
are not
accepted.
All
references
should be
cited in the
manuscript.
See
more reference
models of APA
guidelines.
- Parte
final do
manuscrito
(última folha)
- Authors
- Name and
surnames
- ffiliation
- Author’s
brief
information
- E-mail
- Corresponding
author
- Notes
The
author will
submit
additional
information on
the study.
Example:
| «La
investigación
que se
presenta en
este artículo
fue realizada
con subsidios
de la
Universidad de
Buenos Aires
UBACyT 2014-17
Código No
20020130100320BA
y de la
Agencia
Nacional de
Promoción
Científica y
Tecnológica
ANPCyT PICT
2011-0826.» |
- Annexes
Annexes
are optional
and should
have a title
and
correlative
number. They
should be
referenced in
the document
and presented
at the end of
the
manuscript.
Example:
|
...en el
estudio de
Burga-León y
Escurra-Mayaute
(2017),
detallan en
sus análisis
las sintaxis
utilizadas en
LISREL y SPSS
(ANEXO 3) ... |
- Others
In-text
decimals
Decimals are
separated by a
point both in
texts and
tables.
In-text
percentages
- Percentages
with decimals
are separated
by a point
(18.5%).
- There
should be no
space between
the number and
the percent
sign (18%).
Superscript,
subscript, and
Greek letters
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and Greek
letters are
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both in texts
and tables.
Regarding
parameter and
statistic
symbols,
lowercase
Greek letters
should be used
for the former
(?, ?) and
italicized
Latin letters
for the latter
(M, SD). (APA,
2019).
In-text
abbreviations
APA
guidelines
explain the
use of
different
Latin
abbreviations
in the
documents
(APA, 2019).
Abbreviation
of “number”
The
abbreviation
for “number”
consists of
the
combination of
the uppercase
letter “N”
with a
superscript
lowercase
letter “o”
(N°).
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and millions
In
the documents,
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millions are
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more than four
numbers (e.g.,
19 690); when
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four numbers,
no space is
used between
thousands
(e.g., 1969).
Zero
before a
decimal point
Do
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This rule
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texts, tables,
and figures.
Example:
0.79
(incorrect)
.79
(correct)
|
