Revista Estomatológica Herediana

Clinical Simulation, Virtual Haptic Reality (VHR): Teaching tool for dental education

Antifungal activity of a-terpinen on Candida albicans

Objetivo: avaliar a atividade antifÃºngica do a- terpinen sobre culturas planctonicas e biofilme de Candida albicans. Material e MÃ©todos: Primeiramente, foi determinada a ConcentraÃ§Ã£o InibitÃ³ria MÃnima (CIM) e a ConcentraÃ§Ã£o Fungicida MÃnima (CFM) do a-terpinen sobre microrganismos planctÃ´nicos. A Nistatina foi utilizada como controle positivo. Biofilme de Candida albicans foi desenvolvido e, apÃ³s o tratamento com diferentes concentraÃ§Ãµes de Î±-terpinen, foi quantificado em UFC/mL, alÃ©m da atividade metabÃ³lica das cÃ©lulas ser avaliada por XTT. Resultados: a menor concentraÃ§Ã£o capaz de inibir o crescimento (CIM) foi 0,2 % para o a-terpinen e 4 Âµg/mL para a Nistatina. Na CIM, os resultados mostraram que a partir da concentraÃ§Ã£o 0,05 % de Î±-terpinen e 2 Âµg/mL de Nistatina houve diminuiÃ§Ã£o de C.albicans quando comparado ao controle. A CFM foi para a-terpinen 0,2 % e Nistatina 8 Âµg/mL. Na quantificaÃ§Ã£o as concentraÃ§Ãµes eficazes foram de Î±-terpinen (0,1%) e Nistatina (128Âµg/mL), e no teste do XTT, observou-se que Î± -terpinen (0,1%) e Nistatina (256Âµg/mL) diminuem a viabilidade quando comparado com o controle. ConclusÃ£o: Assim, pode-se afirmar que Î± -terpineol pode ser uma alternativa para tratamento de infecÃ§Ãµes fÃºngicas.

Objective: to evaluate the antifungal activity of a-terpinen on planktonic cultures and biofilm of Candida albicans. Material and Methods: first, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (CFM) of a-terpinen were determined. Nystatin was used as a positive control. Biofilm of Candida albicans was developed and, after treatment with different concentrations of a-terpinen, was quantified in CFU/mL, in addition to metabolic activity of the cells being evaluated by XTT. Results: the lowest concentration able to inhibit the growth (MIC) was 0.2% for a-terpinen and 4 Âµg / mL for Nystatin. Results showed that from the concentration 0.05% of Î± -terpinen and 2 Âµg / mL of Nystatin, there was a decrease of Candida albicans when compared to the control, in planktonic culture. CFM was 0.2% for Î± -terpinen and 8 Âµg / mL for Nystatin. Regarding the quantification, effective concentrations were Î±-terpinen (0.1%) and Nystatin (128 Âµg/mL), and in the XTT test, Î±-terpinen (0.1%) and Nystatin (256 Âµg/mL) decreased metabolic activity when compared to control. Conclusion: Thus, it can be stated that a-terpineol may be an alternative for the treatment of fungal infections.

Fit of Cobalt-Chromium alloy copings fabricated with two casting techniques on two termination lines

Las tÃ©cnicas de cera perdida colado por centrifugaciÃ³n convencional, son tÃ©cnicas vigentes para obtener cofias de Cobalto-Cromo (Co-Cr) para coronas metalcerÃ¡mica. Objetivo: Evaluar in vitro, la adaptaciÃ³n marginal e interna de cofias unitarias de aleaciÃ³n Co-Cr, realizadas sobre dos lÃneas de terminaciÃ³n: chamfer y bisel, fabricadas con las tÃ©cnicas de cera perdida colada por centrifugaciÃ³n convencional (CPCC) y por inducciÃ³n (CPCI). Materiales y mÃ©todos: Se evaluÃ³ la adaptaciÃ³n marginal e interna de 13 cofias unitarias de aleacion Co-Cr para cada tecnica y lÃnea de terminaciÃ³n, usando la tÃ©cnica de replica de silicona. Las muestras fueron divididas en sentido vestÃbulo-palatino y en sentido mesio-distal, observadas en un estÃ©reomicroscopio a un aumento de 40X y se evaluÃ³ la zona cervical, axial y oclusal. Resultados: Los analisis estadisticos incluyeron la prueba t de Student y U Mann-Whitney, previamente se evaluo los supuestos de normalidad con la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk para analizar diferencias estadisticamente significativas entre los grupos (p<0.05). La discrepancia marginal fue menor a 120 Âµm y la discrepancia interna menor a 350Âµm para ambas lÃneas de terminaciÃ³n y tÃ©cnica de colado. Conclusiones: Los resultados en la adaptaciÃ³n marginal e interna de cofias con lÃneas de terminaciÃ³n chamfer y bisel fabricadas con las tÃ©cnicas de cera perdida colada por centrifugaciÃ³n convencional e inducciÃ³n, los valores descriptivos no fueron concluyentes, ya que en la mayorÃa de los puntos evaluados no existiÃ³ diferencia estadÃsticamente significativa. AdemÃ¡s en las dos lÃneas de terminaciÃ³n chamfer y bisel se encontraron rangos clÃnicamente aceptables.

The techniques of lost wax cast by conventional centrifugation are current techniques to obtain Cobalt-Chrome (Co-Cr) copings for metalceramic crowns. Objective: Evaluate in vitro, the marginal and internal adaptation in unitary Co-Cr alloy copes, made on two termination lines: chamfer and bevel, manufactured with the techniques of lost wax cast by conventional centrifugation (CPCC) and by induction (CPCI), according to type of cut, area and measurement points. Materials and methods: The marginal and internal adaptation of 13 co-units of Co-Cr alloy for each technique and termination line was evaluated. The silicone replication technique was used. The samples were divided in the vestibulo-palatal direction and in the mesio-distal direction, observed in a stereomicroscope at a 40X magnification and the cervical, axial and occlusal areas were evaluated. Results: Statistical analyzes included the Studentâs t-test and U Mann-Whitney, previously the assumptions of normality were evaluated with the Shapiro-Wilk test to analyze statistically significant differences between the groups (p <0.05). The marginal discrepancy was less than 120 Âµm and the internal discrepancy less than 350Âµm. Conclusion: The results in the marginal and internal adaptation of copings with chamfer termination lines and bevel fabricated with the techniques of lost wax cast by conventional centrifugation and induction were not conclusive to determine which technique is the best since in most of the points evaluated there was not a statistically significant difference. Also in the two lines of termination cnamfer and bevel, there were found clinical acceptable ranges.

Tomographic features of the maxillary sinus septa in patients of the dental clinic of the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Los septos del seno maxilar son variantes anatÃ³micas que se forman como resultado de los residuos de la hipoplasia en diferentes Ã¡reas del proceso alveolar siendo de forma, tamaÃ±o y nÃºmero variable. Su hallazgo se puede realizar mediante radiografÃas panorÃ¡micas de rutina. La importancia de un septo en el seno maxilar es que puede generar modificaciones para las cirugÃas, pudiendo ser necesario abrir dos o mÃ¡s ventanas quirÃºrgicas para su remociÃ³n. Objetivo: La finalidad de este estudio fue analizar los rasgos tomogrÃ¡ficos de los septos del seno maxilar en pacientes que asistieron entre los aÃ±os 2014 - 2016 a la clÃnica dental docente de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Materiales y mÃ©todos: Esta investigaciÃ³n fue de tipo transversal y descriptivo, para ello se examinaron 813 tomografÃas computarizadas volumÃ©tricas. La prueba de chi cuadrado y la estadÃstica descriptiva se usaron para el anÃ¡lisis, con un intervalo de confianza al 95%, con un valor p < 0,05. Resultados: 298 pacientes presentaron septos, presentando mayor porcentaje los septos congÃ©nitos (69.2%) y fueron mÃ¡s comunes en pacientes de sexo femenino con un 36%.Conclusiones: prevalecieron los septos de tipo congÃ©nito, lo que indica que se formaron a partir del desarrollo radicular.

The septa of the maxillary sinus are anatomical variants that are formed as a result of the residues of hypoplasia in different areas of the alveolar process, being of variable shape, size and number.Your finding can be made using routine panoramic radiographs. The importance of a septum in the maxillary sinus is that it can generate modifications for maxillary sinus surgeries, and it may be necessary to open two or more surgical windows for its removal. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the tomographic features of the maxillary sinus septa in patients who attended the teaching dental clinic of the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia between 2014- 2016. Materials and methods: This research was cross-sectional and descriptive, for which 813 cone beam CT scans were examined. Chi square test and descriptive statistics were used for the analysis, with a 95% confidence interval, with a value p < 0.05. Results: 298 patients presented septa, with a higher percentage of congenital septa (69.2%) and were more common in female patients with 36%. Conclusions: the congenital type septa prevailed, which indicates that they were formed from root development.

Enzyme levels of lactate dehydrogenase in saliva according to the condition periodontal

Objetivo: Comparar los niveles enzimÃ¡ticos de lactato deshidrogenasa (LDH) en la saliva segÃºn la condiciÃ³n periodontal. Material y mÃ©todos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Se incluyeron 40 pacientes entre 23 y 73 aÃ±os de edad, de una clÃnica especializada en odontologÃa. Hubo 10 pacientes en cada grupo: uno control (periodontalmente sanos) y tres de estudio. Las muestras de saliva no estimulada (2 ml) fueron recogidas en frascos para muestra de esputo, directamente de la boca; se trasladaron a tubos Eppendorf de 2 ml y se centrifugaron a 300 rpm por 10 minutos. Para evaluar la actividad enzimÃ¡tica, fueron colocados en el analizador automÃ¡tico âVitalab Selectra IIâ (vital cientific, Holanda) con el reactivo LDH-P UV AA lÃquido, para muestras de suero o plasma. El dinucleÃ³tido de nicotinamida y adenina (NADH) consumido, fue directamente proporcional a la actividad de LDH en la muestra de saliva. Los datos se analizaron con las pruebas de Kruskal-Wallis y post hoc de Dunn-Bonferroni. Resultados: Se encontrÃ³ diferencias significativas en los niveles de LDH entre los pacientes con periodontitis crÃ³nica generalizada frente a los periodontalmente sanos y en fase de mantenimiento (p<0,01). TambiÃ©n hubo diferencia significativa (p=0,006) entre los valores de LDH de los pacientes con periodontitis crÃ³nica localizada y los periodontalmente sanos. Conclusiones: Los niveles enzimÃ¡ticos de LDH estÃ¡n disminuidos en los pacientes en fase de mantenimiento periodontal respecto a los pacientes con periodontitis crÃ³nica generalizada, asÃ mismo estos valores son muy cercanos a los pacientes periodontalmente sanos y con periodontitis crÃ³nica localizada.

Objective: To compare those levels enzyme of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the saliva according to the condition periodontal. Material and methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. It was included 40 patients between 23 and 73 years, of a clinic specializing in dentistry. There were 10 patients in each group: one control (periodontally healthy) and three study. Not stimulated saliva samples (2 ml) were collected in vials for sample of sputum, directly from the mouth; they moved to 2 ml Eppendorf tubes and centrifuged at 300 rpm for 10 minutes. To assess enzymatic activity, they were placed in the automatic Analyzer âVitalab Selectra IIâ (life science, the Netherlands) with reagents LDH-P UV AA liquid for serum or plasma samples. The dinucleotide of NICOTINAMIDE and adenine (NADH) consumed, was directly proportional to the activity of LDH in the saliva samples. The data were analyzed with post hoc Bonferroni-Dunn and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: It was found significant differences in the levels of LDH among patients with generalized chronic periodontitis versus periodontally healthy and in phase of maintenance (p<0.01). Also there was difference significant (p= 0.006) between the values of LDH of them patients with localized chronic periodontitis and the periodontally healthy. Conclusions: Enzyme LDH levels are decreased in patients during periodontal maintenance in respect to patients that have generalized chronic periodontitis, also these values are very close to periodontally healthy patients and localized chronic periodontitis.

Osteoma in mandibular condyle associated with gardner syndrome: a case report

Os osteomas geralmente sÃ£o lesÃµes solitÃ¡rias, de crescimento lento e assintomÃ¡ticas. Os locais de ocorrÃªncia mais comuns sÃ£o o corpo da mandÃbula e o cÃ´ndilo, mas quando envolvem esta regiÃ£o podem causar alteraÃ§Ãµes na oclusÃ£o do paciente, desvio progressivo e lento de linha mÃ©dia, assim como aumento do volume facial acompanhado de dor e limitaÃ§Ã£o de abertura bucal. Cerca de 90% dos pacientes portadores da SÃndrome de Gardner apresentam anormalidades esquelÃ©ticas, fazendo os osteomas as lesÃµes mais frequentes e de maior ocorrÃªncia em seios paranasais e nos maxilares. O objetivo deste trabalho Ã© relatar o caso clÃnico de uma paciente do gÃªnero feminino, portadora de SÃndrome de Gardner com osteoma localizado em cÃ´ndilo mandibular esquerdo que, devido aos sintomas relatados pelo paciente, foi submetida Ã ressecÃ§Ã£o cirÃºrgica por meio de acesso intra oral para melhor abordagem da lesÃ£o e que evoluiu para a soluÃ§Ã£o da sintomatologia apresentada como queixa principal quando procurou o serviÃ§o de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-maxilo-facial.

Osteomas are usually solitary, slow-growing and asymptomatics lesions. The most common sites of occurrence are condyle and jaw body. Osteomas involving condyle can cause changes in patientâs occlusion, progressive and slow deviation of the midline, as well as increased facial volume accompanied by pain and limited mouth opening. An osteoma located in mandible border is typical of the Gardnerâs Syndrome. There are many clinical features of this syndrome, which can affect the skin, endocrine system and orofacial area. About 90% of patients with this condition have skeletal abnormalities, making osteomas the most frequent lesions in the paranasal sinuses and jaws. The objective of this work is to report the clinical case of a female patient with Gardnerâs Syndrome with osteoma located in the left mandibular condyle, who was submitted to resection of the lesion.

Diagnosis, planning, and restoring treatment of cracked syndrome tooth: case report - 7-year follow-up

Se describe y reporta el diagnÃ³stico, tipo de tratamiento y seguimiento de un caso con el sÃndrome del diente fisurado. Una paciente de 26 aÃ±os acusaba sensibilidad a los cambios tÃ©rmicos y a la oclusiÃ³n en el lado izquierdo de la mandÃbula. Al examen clÃnico se observÃ³ dos grietas o fisuras pigmentadas en las superficies bucales y linguales de la pieza 36. La colocaciÃ³n de una restauraciÃ³n directa con resina compuesta resolviÃ³ los sÃntomas y aliviÃ³ por completo el dolor. Dicha situaciÃ³n persistiÃ³ incluso en el control realizado 7 aÃ±os despuÃ©s. El diagnÃ³stico y tratamiento para el caso descrito dio como resultado un completo alivio y mantenimiento de la situaciÃ³n alcanzada siete aÃ±os despuÃ©s.

This case report describes a cracked tooth syndrome and reports on its diagnosis, type of treatment and monitoring. A 26-year-old female patient complained of thermal and chewing sensitivity in the left side of her mandible. Clinical examination revealed two pigmented cracks on the buccal and lingual surfaces of tooth 36. The choice of a direct restorative treatment with composite resin led to the resolution of symptoms and complete relief of pain, which persisted in a 7-year monitoring period. The diagnosis and treatment of the case described here resulted in complete pain relief and maintenance of normal conditions seven years later.

Mouth floor muscles in TEM vs. IRM

El presente artÃculo de revisiÃ³n fue realizado para comparar detalles imagenolÃ³gicos de resonancia magnÃ©tica y tomografÃa espiral multicorte de las estructuras anatÃ³micas del piso de boca; esta es una regiÃ³n desafiante de la cavidad oral para el odontÃ³logo ya que se encuentra constituida de tejidos blandos, vasculares, glandulares y nerviosos, a su vez carece de tejidos Ã³seos volviÃ©ndola mucho mÃ¡s susceptible a patologÃas. Por ello la resonancia magnÃ©tica es el estudio de preferencia para los tejidos blandos pues permite conocer con mÃ¡s facilidad la anatomÃa y a la tomografÃa espiral multicorte ideal para el anÃ¡lisis de tejidos duros, sin embargo puede evaluarse el piso de boca sin ser el estudio imagenolÃ³gico indicado para esta. El presente trabajo es una recopilaciÃ³n de artÃculos en bases de datos e internet con el fin de comparar detalles imagenolÃ³gicos entre la resonancia magnÃ©tica y tomografÃa espiral multicorte.

This review article was conducted to compare magnetic resonance imaging and multislice spiral tomography of floor of mouth anatomical structures; this is a challenging region of oral cavity for dentist since it is made up of soft, vascular, glandular and nervous tissues, in turn lacks bone tissues, making it much more susceptible to pathologies. Therefore, magnetic resonance is the preference study for soft tissues because it allows knowing more easily anatomy and multislice spiral tomography ideal for hard tissues analysis, however floor of mouth can be evaluated without being the imaging study indicated for is. The present work is a compilation of articles in databases and internet in order to compare both: magnetic resonance and multislice spiral tomography.

Importance of the detection of supernumerary teeth with conic beam computed tomography