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Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo
Print version ISSN 2225-5109On-line version ISSN 2227-4731
Abstract
NUNEZ DELGADO, Rocio del Pilar; TAPIA PEREZ, Rafael Fredy; CACHICATARI VARGAS, Elena and CHIRINOS LAZO, Maritza Ruth. Community acquired pneumonia as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Rev. Cuerpo Med. HNAAA [online]. 2022, vol.15, n.1, pp.35-41. Epub Mar 31, 2022. ISSN 2225-5109. http://dx.doi.org/10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2022.151.1072.
Background:
Community-acquired pneumonia produces inflammatory products that generate preventable cardiovascular events.
Objective:
To establish if Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is a risk factor associated with cardiovascular disease.
Materials and Methods:
A cohort design was carried out with: patients hospitalized for a diagnosis of CAP and a control group without pneumonia (1:2), who met the selection criteria. Chi square, Relative Risk and confidence intervals were calculated for the crude and adjusted bivariate analysis and robust multivariate analysis.
Results:
Of the total study population, 693 patients were analyzed. The mean age was 64.1 ± 13.7 (SD) years. The most were male (61.5%). Among the classic cardiovascular factors, 96.8% used tobacco; 73.9% were hypertensive; 82.5% were diabetic and 96.5% were hypercholesterolemic. It was found that men had a higher frequency of acute coronary syndrome than women (22.3% vs. 4.5%; p<0.01), as well as in heart failure (33.1% vs. 25.8%; p<0.01) and in greater arrhythmia in women (23.2% vs 13.4%; p<0.01). In the multiple regression analysis, the observed association was preserved; adjusting with the confounding covariates of tobacco consumption, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia, for acute coronary syndrome: (RR= 3.98; 95% CI: 2.98-5.33), heart failure: (RR= 9, 65; 95% CI: 8.45-11.0) and arrhythmias: (RR= 10.7; 95% CI: 8.64-13.2).
Conclusion:
CAP is a risk factor associated with cardiovascular disease.
Keywords : community acquired pneumonia; cardiovascular disease; acute coronary syndrome; arrhythmia, heart failure.