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Revista de Neuro-Psiquiatría

Print version ISSN 0034-8597

Abstract

MARCIANI, Dante J. Enfrentando la enfermedad de Alzheimer en los países en desarrollo. Rev Neuropsiquiatr [online]. 2017, vol.80, n.2, pp.105-110. ISSN 0034-8597.  http://dx.doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v80i2.3091.

Although the increase in the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in developed countries will be limited, in the developing countries of Latin America, Asia and Africa, it will be by the year 2050 three times that of the developed countries. That some correlations between AD and risk factors valid for developed countries are not as robust when compared to those in development, suggests differences in drug development. Due to the high cost of medicines from industrialized countries, it is doubtful that AD treatment would be a priority in the developing ones; thus, a better strategy would be to prevent or delay the disease. Of the options, the AD vaccine is the most favorable despite that all the attempts to develop it have failed, a result of products developed using inadequate information, which have fostered a negative opinion of this vaccine. Yet, the available information shows that these vaccines’ antigens probably induced a detrimental immunity and that the inflammatory response elicited by some of them aggravated the onset of AD. Because of immunosenescence and the irreversible damage caused by AD, it is doubtful that vaccines would have practical value in treating advance disease. Yet, the available information provides basis for designing vaccines to prevent and/or retard this disease; information that has been ignored and the vaccines to prevent AD in fact discarded. Nonetheless, there is now a good understanding of the antigens needed to induce a protective immunity and the adjuvants required to stimulate production of protective antibodies while suppressing harmful inflammatory immune responses. Considering the limited choices that the developing countries have to control the AD epidemic, it would be sound if they collaborate and use the available knowledge to develop vaccines to prevent/delay AD. This development would yield both medical and economic benefits for Latin America, as well as other regions of the world.

Keywords : Alzheimer’s disease; prevention; risk factors; vaccines; amyloid beta; developing countries.

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