Abstract

CIEZA, Javier; VELASQUEZ, Silvia; MIYAHIRA, Juan  and  ESTREMADOYRO, Luis. Prevalence of electrolytes and acid-base disturbances in hospitalized adults patients. Rev Med Hered [online]. 1996, vol.7, n.4, pp.154-161. ISSN 1018-130X.

Objective: To estabish the prevalence point of electrolyte and acid-base disturbances in hospitalized adults patients of Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia, who were, in intravenous fluid therapy treatment in the selected day. Material and methods: This is a transversal, descriptive and analytic study. It determined the different electrolyte and acid-base disturbances and their associations with the comorbid information recollected from patient’s chart. Results: We found 34/280 patients who were in intravenous fluid therapy, 27/34 were adults under 60 years old, (average 38.2 years). Male were 44% and 56% female. Hyponatremia were most prevalent disturbance (23.52%), hypokalemia (20.5%), hyperkalemia (3.88%) and hypernatremia (2.9%). Hyponatremia was mild in 75%. Diuretics and hospitalization greater than 5 days were the factor associated with hyponatremia (p<0.05). Hypokalemia was mild in 71% and severe in 14%. Mayority of electrolyte disturbances were developed during hospitalization. Acid-base alterations were respiratory alcalosis (85%), metabolic acidosis (33%), metabolic alcalosis (9%) and respiratory acidosis (3%). Conclusions: Hyponatremia was the most prevalent disturbance among hospitalized patients and it developed intrahospitalary too, while respiratory alcalosis was most prevalent acid base disturbance and usually it is associated with another alteration. (Rev Med Hered 1996; 7: 154-161).

Keywords : Prevalence; electrolyte; acid-base, hospitalized.

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