Resumen

RIVERA-JACINTO, Marco, RODRIGUEZ-ULLOA, Claudia, HUAYAN-DAVILA, Gladys et al. Susceptibilidad a betalactámicos y resistencia por betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE) en Enterobacteriaceae aisladas de reservorios ambientales de un hospital general en Cajamarca, Perú.*. Rev Med Hered, abr./ jun. 2011, vol.22, no.2, p.69-75. ISSN 1018-130X.

Objectives: To identify enterobacteria cultures in nosocomial reservoirs, assess their sensitivity to beta-lactams and their ability to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) at the Hospital Regional de Cajamarca. Material and methods: Samples were collected by cotton swab in faucets, sinks, tables, beds and patients’ medical charts in the areas of surgery and pediatrics, 45 cultures clinically important were recovered, isolated and identified: 14 Enterobacter cloacae, 11 Escherichia coli, 5 Citrobacter freundii, 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 11 the other genres. An antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed for beta-lactamic antibiotics: ampicillin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, amoxicillin-clavulanate, aztreonam and imipenem. Given the critical diameters of screening, the confirmatory test for ESBL was performed. For statistical analysis, were used SPSS v15. Results: Of the 45 cultures isolate, 34 were resistant to ampicillin, 34 to cephalothin, 14 to cefoxitin, 12 to cefotaxime, 11 to ceftriaxone, 5 to ceftazidime, 19 to amoxicillin-clavulanate and 15 to aztreonam. Twelve cultures were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and monobactams for ESBLs, four E. coli and four E. cloacae were the most relevant. All were sensitive to imipenem. Conclusions: Given the ability of some of these cultures to produce ESBL, there is a risk of nosocomial outbreaks that can be complicated when are caused by multiresistant organisms. ESBL production as a resistance mechanism in cultures found cause concern.(Rev Med Hered 2011;22:69-75).

Palabras llave: Enterobacteriaceae; Beta-lactamases; drug resistance; cross infection.