Resumen

SUAREZ, Jacsel; PINEDA, Roberto; MEDINA, Félix  y  JIMENEZ, Sofía. Orthostatic hypotension in the elderly: Frequency and associated factors. Rev Med Hered [online]. 2014, vol.25, n.1, pp.30-36. ISSN 1729-214X.

There are not any local descriptions of orthostatic hypotension. The diagnostic criteria are not standardized nor evidence based. The presence of orthostatic hypotension is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular death. Objective: To determine the frequency of orthostatic hypotension in elderly patients, the time in which it occurs and describe their clinical and demographic characteristics. Methods: We included 280 older adults without clinical evidence of atherosclerotic disease, metabolic or immunological disorders. Blood pressure was obtained with an ambulatory validated monitor OMRON HEM705-CP.After a rest of 5 minutes in supine position, blood pressure was monitored during each of the next 5 minutes after stand up. Associated symptoms during the procedure were recorded. Results: 16.79% patients had orthostatic hypotension. The types of orthostatic hypotension were systolic, diastolic and systolic-diastolic in 74.47%, 8.51% and 17.02%, respectively. The most common comorbidities were primary hypertension (70.21%) and obesity (21.28%). Most cases of orthostatic hypotension were detected within the first minute (61.70%). 17.01% was documented between 4 and 5 minutes. Conclusions: Orthostatic hypotension is a common condition in older adults in our community, more frequently with basal SBP ≥ 180 mmHg and was found in more than 80% of cases within 3 minutes after stand up position.

Palabras clave : Hypotension; orthostatic; systolic; diastolic; systole; hypertension.

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