Abstract

PEREZ SIERRA, Henry; RAMIREZ ZEGARRA, Rafael  and  CIEZA ZEVALLOS, Javier. Factors associated with community-acquired hyponatremia. Rev Med Hered [online]. 2016, vol.27, n.2, pp.89-95. ISSN 1018-130X.  http://dx.doi.org/10.20453/rmh.v27i2.2843.

The prevalence and associated factors for developing hyponatremia in the community have not been adequately studied. Objectives: To study the clinical and laboratory factors associated with hyponatremia in patients attending the emergency room of a general hospital. Methods: A case-control was carried out, cases were patients with serum sodium values below 135 mEq/lat the time of admission to the emergency room of Hospital Cayetano Heredia and controls were patients admitted at the same time as cases with serum sodium values from 135 y 145 mEq/l. Patients with serum creatinine values >5 mg/dl were excluded. Results: Cases and controls statistically differed in calcium serum levels and arterial pH values. We only found statistical difference in cases and controls in the rate of metabolic alkalosis, low serum creatinine values and urea/creatinine ratio >50. Metabolicalkalosis was the only independent factor identified in the logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: Community acquired hyponatremia was associated mainly with metabolic alkalosis and secondarily with low serum creatinine values, reflecting probably a contraction in the effective circulating volume in malnourished persons.

Keywords : Hyponatremia; sodium; electrolytes; alkalosis; metabolism.

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