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Revista de Gastroenterología del Perú

Print version ISSN 1022-5129

Abstract

RODRIGUEZ VARGAS, Briny Omar et al. Caustics injuries in the upper gastrointestinal tract: clinical and endoscopic features. Rev. gastroenterol. Perú [online]. 2016, vol.36, n.2, pp.135-142. ISSN 1022-5129.

Objective: To describe the clinical and endoscopic features of caustics injuries in the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients of the National Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión. Materials and methods: A descriptive study was conducted; the study populations were patients diagnosed with caustic ingestion who were admitted into the Gastroenterology service of the HNDAC to perform an upper endoscopy during the period of January 2009 to December 2012. We documented the type of caustic substance ingested, cause of intake, amount ingested, intake mode, signs or symptoms present, endoscopic findings as classified by largar, presence of com plications and treatment performed. Analysis was performed comparing them based on the ingested caustic type: acid or alkali. Results: We obtained 91 patients; the average age was 30.6 ±16.3 years. Caustic substances ingested were: bleach (sodium hypochlorite) in 71 (78%) patients, m uriatic acid (hydrochloric acid) in 18 (20%) patients, caustic soda in 2 (2%) patients. The average intake was 136ml (30-500 mi). The most frequent signs and symptoms were vom iting, abdominal pain,nausea and sore throat. The 46% of patients had injuries. 100% of patients who ingested acid and 33% who ingested alkali had lesions. Five (5%) patients had oropharyngeallesions, 24 (26%) in the esophagus, 36 (40%) in the stomach and 12 (13%) in the duodenum. Grade 1 lesions were found in 1O (11%) patients,16 (18%) patients with grade11 lesions and 15 (16%) of patients with grade 111 , 12 patients who toke acid had lesions of grade 111. Esophageal stricture was found in 2 (2%) patients, gastric stenosis in 7 (8%) patients and esophageal and gastric stenosis in 3 (3%) patients. Two patients required pneumatic dilation and 1O surgical treatments. Conclusion: Most injuries were found in the stomach. Acidic injuries occur more frequently and with greater severity than alkaline. Acidic substances produce esophageal or gastric stenosis more frequently than alkaline

Keywords : Caustics; Endoscopy; Signs and symptoms.

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