Resumen

MORENO, Zoila, SANCHEZ, Sixto, PINA, Fernando et al. Obesidad pregestacional como factor de riesgo  asociado a preeclampsia. An. Fac. med., abr./jun. 2003, vol.64, no.2, p.101-106. ISSN 1025-5583.

Objective: To evaluate obesity as a risk factor for preeclampsia. Design: Case-control study carried out at Dos de Mayo Hospital, Lima, Peru. Material and Methods: Excluding 35 women, 107 preeclamptic women were compared with 107 normotensive pregnant women (control group) and matched for gestational age (±1 week). Chi square test was used to correlate the presence of preeclampsia with pre gestational weight; T test was used to compare means, and logistic regression to adjust for confounders. Results: Preeclampsia was significantly associated to women aged 35 or older (OR 3,0; CI 95 1,2 to 7,9), history of a previous pregnancy complicated with preeclampsia (OR 8,6; CI 95% 1,0 to 76,9), and obesity (OR 6,5; 6,2 to 2,8) considered as women in the highest tercil of the parameters body mass index (BMI), tricipital skin folding, and mid arm circunference. There was a significant linear trend (p< 0,001) in preeclampsia risk with these parameters. Conclusion: Women whose weight is in the upper third tercile of body mass index should be carefully controlled to reduce the incidence of preeclampsia and its complications.

Palabras llave: Preeclampsia; risk factors; body mass index; obesity; pre-eclampsia; pregnancy complications.