Resumen

PAJUELO, Jaime, SANCHEZ-ABANTO, José, TORRES, Harold L. et al. Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico en pobladores peruanos por debajo de 1 000 y por encima de los 3 000 msnm. An. Fac. med., abr./jun. 2012, vol.73, no.2, p.101-106. ISSN 1025-5583.

Objectives: To determine and compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in Peruvian population living below 1000 m and over 3000 m. Design: Data analysis of Encuesta Nacional de Indicadores Nutricionales, Bioquimicos, Socioeconomicos y Culturales Relacionados a las Enfermedades Cronicas Degenerativas 2006. Setting: Instituto Nacional de Salud Centro Nacional de Alimentacion y Nutricion, Ministerio de Salud, Lima, Perú. Participants: Subjects 20 year-old and above. Methods: We included 3384 participants aged 20 year-old and above, 2425 living below 1000 m (level-1) and 959 over 3000 m (level-2). Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria. Main outcome measures: Metabolic syndrome and components prevalence. Results: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in level-1 (19.7%) than in level-2 (10.2%), p<0.001. Prevalence in males was 9.2% in level-1 and 5.1% in level-2, and in females 29.9% in level-1 compared to 15.2% in level-2. Central obesity (35.5% vs. 21.1%), elevated blood pressure (20.9% vs. 15.0%), hyperglycemia (3.9% vs. 1.7%), raised triglycerides (31.3% vs. 25.7%), and low concentrations of HDLc (57.4% vs. 52.5%) were significantly more prevalent in level-1 compared to level-2 (p<0.05). The most frequent components of metabolic syndrome in men were hypertriglyceridemia and low HDLc, and in women were low HDLc and central obesity. Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome was significantly more prevalent in population under 1000 m; it may be as result of the nutritional, demographic, and socioeconomic transition in this area. Women were more susceptible to cardiovascular risk factors.

Palabras llave: Metabolic diseases; obesity; hypertension; hyperglycemia; hypertriglyceridemia; cholesterol; altitude.