Objectives.

To determine level of knowledge and practices on the measures of prevention of infections associated with health care (HAI) and factors associated with in incoming resident physicians 2018 of a university of Lima, Peru.

Methods.

A validated questionnaire was applied to 171 resident physicians in a cross-sectional study. Variables studied were age, sex, time as a professional, previous training, origin, type of university of origin, among others.

Results.

It was observed that 52% are female, 49% had 2 or less years as a medical professional, 49% came from a university in the interior of the country, only 34% occupied a captive vacancy and 71.9% had previous training on HAI prevention measures. 83% of the incoming resident physicians studied showed a low level of knowledge about HAI prevention measures while 68.4% of the incoming resident physicians studied showed inappropriate practices on HAI prevention measures. When performing the multivariate analysis, it showed that entering a medicine specialty was associated with a lower risk of having low level of knowledge (OR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.11-0.93). The bivariate analysis showed that the longest time as a professional was related to lower risk of having inappropriate practices, this being confirmed when performing the multivariate analysis (OR: 0.936, 95% CI: 0.89-0.99).

Conclusions.

There is a low level of knowledge about HAI prevention measures and a high proportion with inappropriate practices in incoming residents 2018 on HAI prevention measures. It was observed that the type of specialty is a factor associated with the level of knowledge and the time of professional experience is a factor associated with the type of practice.

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