Resumo

QUISPE PENA, Edgar Carlos et al. Fibre density and density of hair ducts as selection criteria to improve the quality and weight of alpaca fleece. Rev. investig. vet. Perú [online]. 2023, vol.34, n.2, e25102.  Epub 28-Abr-2023. ISSN 1609-9117.  http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v34i2.25102.

Improvements in greasy fleece weight (GFW) and mean fibre diameter (MED) can increase the income of alpaca producers; however, these variables are directly related, complicating the simultaneous improvement of both characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to find new selection criteria for the simultaneous improvement of both characteristics. The purpose of the study was to characterize the fibre density (FibDen), the density of hair ducts (DenDucts), the fibre/duct ratio and the No. of fibres/ducts (Fib/ Duct_R) as possible selection criteria. Likewise, determine the type of relationship between them and with GFW and MFD, and construct and evaluate formal selection indices under scenarios with different available measurements, considering in all cases GFW and MFD duly weighted by their economic weights, as selection objectives. For this, fibre samples and skin images were taken, and the GFW of alpacas from four herds raised in Huancavelica and Caylloma, Arequipa, Perú, between 2018 and 2020 were recorded. The density characteristics were obtained through the procedure called Fiber Den, while the MFD was assessed using the FIBER EC, and GFW was recorded using a scale. In the construction of the selection indices for GFW and MFD Hazel's theory of selection indices was applied, considering tparameters indicated in the bibliography and in the present study. The FibDen, DenDucts and Fib/Ducts_R ranged from 8.8 to 60 fib/mm2, 3.8 to 21.2 ducts/mm2 and 2.0 to 4.3 fib/ducts, respectively. There are hair ducts with up to 8 fibres, the most frequent being ducts with 1, 2 or 3 fibres. It is concluded that FibDen and DenDcuts have a linear and direct relationship with the GFW and inversely with the MFD, and that the inclusion of the FibDen and DenDucts as selection criteria within a selection index would improve the accuracy from 0.53 to 0.63, being able to obtain further progress genetic between 15 and 18%, with greater economic benefits than when only GFW and MFD are used.

Palavras-chave : animal breeding; fibre density; fibre diameter; fleece weight; South American Camelids; luxury fibres.

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