Purpose.

Digital technologies, particularly social media, have become key agents of socialization during adolescence. In particular, TikTok and Instagram are the most widely used platforms among Spanish minors. This study aims to analyze adolescents’ perceptions of the impact of these technologies on their social life, with a special focus on gender differences and the distinction between users and non-users of both platforms. Methodology.A survey was administered to a representative sample of 1,043 Spanish adolescents aged 12 to 18. Results and conclusions.The results show that adolescents perceive the impact of digital technologies on their social relationships as neutral. However, boys generally have a more positive view than girls regarding the effect of these technologies on their well-being. Instagram users rate the impact on socialization and sense of belonging more positively, while TikTok users also emphasize the effect on individual expression and the acceptance of social norms. Original contributions.This study provides a unique perspective on how Spanish adolescents perceive the impact of digital technologies on their social relationships. Its value lies in the quantitative approach that allows for exploring significant differences based on gender and platform usage. Additionally, it highlights the need for future research on the impact of TikTok’s algorithm and adolescents’ critical ability to reflect on how these platforms influence their social interactions.

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