Abstract

PALOMINO A, César et al. Evaluation of the genetic diversity of the coffee (Coffea arabica L.) in Villa Rica (Peru). Ecol. apl. [online]. 2014, vol.13, n.2, pp.129-134. ISSN 1726-2216.

Coffee is the main agricultural export product of Peru, with great economic and social importance. Villa Rica (Pasco) is a major production center due to special climatic conditions of humidity, maximum and minimum average temperatures (in relation to other coffee producing regions), elevation (between 1000 and 1500m) and native flora. Different varieties can be found but "Typica" can be highlighted. Using RAPD markers the genetic diversity of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) was examined. 42 samples from a total of 18 varieties were used and in contrast a variety of “Robusta” coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner) was employed. Thirty four polymorphic DNA fragments were obtained. The number of polymorphic bands per primer ranged from one (with primer OPA-17) to five (with primers OPA and OPB-11-05). In the cluster analysis a dendrogram was constructed using the Jaccard coefficient and UPGMA technique. This analysis found that Arabica beans from Villa Rica have a low degree of genetic diversity and no discrete separation is observed between Arabica varieties, but genetic differentiation is high with the Robusta variety.

Keywords : Genetic diversity; coffee varieties; molecular markers; RAPD; cluster analysis.

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