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Ecología Aplicada
Print version ISSN 1726-2216
Abstract
PEREZ, Dayvi and GARCIA-GODOS, Paula. Identification of the causal agent of the wilting of Caesalpinia spinosa "tara" and the antagonic effect of Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma sp. Isolates spinosa "tara" and the antagonic effect of Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma sp. isolates. Ecol. apl. [online]. 2019, vol.18, n.1, pp.51-57. ISSN 1726-2216. http://dx.doi.org/10.21704/rea.v18i1.1306.
The disease called vascular wilt is a problem that causes production losses in the Caesalpinia spinosa "tara" crops. The objective of the research was to identify the causal wilting agent t and to determine the antagonistic effect of Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma sp. strains. Tara plants with symptoms of the disease and from the soil were sampled. We isolated 27 strains of filamentous fungi that were identified by the Pitt method based on taxonomic keys. The antagonistic effect was achieved through in vitro pairing in Papa Dextrose Agar medium, facing strains of Fusarium spp. with two strains of Trichoderma sp. and 18 of Bacillus spp. as potential antagonists. The results showed that the strains of Fusarium spp. are the cause of the progressive vascular wilting in tara. The evaluation of in vitro antagonism by direct contact, indicated that strains of Bacillus spp. TBa 4, TBa 6, TBa 9, TBa 11 and TBa 18 had a greater effect reaching between 88.9% and 93.3% inhibition of Fusarium. In the tests of antagonism in dual cultures, they showed that the strains TBa 4, TBa 6, TBa 11 and TBa 18 reached the highest levels of inhibition of the pathogen, fluctuating between 92.2% and 90.0%; meanwhile, strains of Trichoderma sp. and T. viridae they obtained 77.8% and 74.4% inhibition of the pathogen, respectively. The degree of in vitro inhibition achieved by Bacillus spp. strains makes it possible to consider them as potential biological control agents against Fusarium spp. in tara cultures.).
Keywords : vascular wilt; antagonistic effect; Bacillus spp; Trichoderma sp; Fusarium spp.
