Resumo

HOLGADO-ROJAS, María E. et al. Cultivation of Pleurotus sp. and Lentinula edodes under artisanal conditions in rural communities of the Cusco Region / Peru. Ecol. apl. [online]. 2019, vol.18, n.2, pp.125-132. ISSN 1726-2216.  http://dx.doi.org/10.21704/rea.v18i2.1331.

The research was carried out with the purpose of evaluating the production and protein value of edible fungi using agricultural and forest residues (cornhusk, wheat stubble, barley, eucalyptus sawdust among others) generated in rural communities of the Cusco region. The crop cycle (CC), Biological Efficiency (EB) and Production Rate (TP) were determined. Pleurotus ostreatus showed greater adaptability to the different environmental parameters in the three communities with EB that ranged between 43.8-58.2%, CC between 42 - 91 days and TP between 0.6 and 1.4%, while P. djamor and Lentinula edodes only presented fruiting bodies in the communities of Harin and San Nicolás de Bari with EB: 27.3-34.8%, CC: 42-90 days and TP: 0.4-0.7% for P. djamor, and EB: 40.6-51.3%, CC: 135-155 days and TP: 0.3-0.4% for L. edodes. The dry weight protein analysis yielded considerable results for P. ostreatus (35.45%) and L. edodes (34.54%) while P. djamor presented 19.68%. According to the Pico Tag Water system, P. ostreatus has eight of the ten essential amino acids required for healthy eating (His, Thr, Val, Met, Ile, Leu, Phe and Lys). The three species are an important source of phosphorus (366.6 mg/100 g), magnesium (54 mg/100 g), calcium (16.7 mg/100 g) and iron (3.6 mg/100 g), average values that exceed reported in cow's milk, chicken liver, and white corn.

Palavras-chave : cultivation; edible fungi; peasant communities; Cusco; Peru.

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