Abstract

PALOMO HERRERA, Angel Alfonso; CERNA RODRIGUEZ, Mildrek Roxana; OJEDA IZQUIERDO, Dayna Milene  and  APAZA TAPIA, Walter Eduardo. Phytosanitary problems prospecting at harvest and postharvest of mango (Mangifera indica L.) in Yautan valley, Casma province - Ancash. Ecol. apl. [online]. 2023, vol.22, n.2, pp.129-139.  Epub Dec 29, 2023. ISSN 1726-2216.  http://dx.doi.org/10.21704/rea.v22i2.2089.

The objective of this research is to identify the main pests, diseases, or physiological problems that affect the quality of export mango at harvest and postharvest in the Yautan Valley, Casma Province, Ancash Department. During the 2021-2022 season, mango crop fields were visited to observe health issues, subsequently to the harvest fruits were collected from the following sectors: Valdivia, Señor de los Milagros, Cerro Castillo, Acoshpampa, Canchapampa, Punchayhuaca, Liza Alta, Lagar, Jaihua, and Matua. These fruits were taken to the UNALM Phytopathology laboratory and placed in humid chambers at 21°C for 3 to 4 weeks encourage the development of potential postharvest pathogens. In the field during flowering, fruit setting, growth and development mangoes are affected by Fruit fly (Ceratitis sp., Anastrepha sp.), Powdery mildew (Oidium mangiferae Berthet), thrips, and scales, which affect the size, shape, color, and scarring of the fruit, making them unsuitable for export. Additionally, fruits with "lenticelosis" were found as a physiological disorder. In the laboratory, symptoms appeared on the fruits, were analyzed and fungi were identified: Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl. was the most recurrent fungus in phytopathological analyses, causing rotting from the peduncular insertion point at maturity, affecting the entire fruit. Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl. caused black necrotic spots and marks, favored by open lenticels, which later led to fruit rotting at maturity. Colletotrichum gloesporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. caused lagoon-like necrotic spots and fruit rot. Other fungi isolated at the genus level included Fusicoccum sp. and Phomopsis sp., causing symptoms similar to Lasiodiplodia.

Keywords : mango; Kent; Yaután; Casma; Ancash; prospecting; plant diseases; postharvest.

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