Resumen

GUTIERREZ-NORIEGA, C.  y  ZAPATA ORTIZ, V.. Cocainismo experimental: I. Toxicología general, acostumbramiento y sensibilización. Rev. perú. med. exp. salud publica [online]. 1944, vol.3, n.4, pp.279-306. ISSN 1726-4634.

The effects of cocaine on dogs has been studied. The following are the results : 1. With cronic intoxication experiments the following manifestations of the acquired hyper-sensibility were shown : a) intensification of the toxic reactions for the same dose throughout the process, b) a decrease in the minimal convulsive dose. c) a decrease in the minimum lethal dose. d) increase in duration and intensification of the excitation states for the same dose. e) intensification of the hyper-therrnic reactions. The above mentioned manifestations were obtained in a constant way, no matter which the means of absortion. (oral, subcutaneous, intravenous) . 2. All the dogs subjected to a cronic intoxication by cocaine showed remarkable manifestations of being addicted to the drug or desire to receive it. The control dogs subjected to a treatment by saline solution injections and which showed a very hostile attitude against this treatment, changed completely as soon as the saline solution was replaced by cocaine. They turned docile and demanded the injection of cocaine. When cocaine was replaced by other stimulants, (metrazol, coramine) the disappearance of the habituation symptoms was again observed. The desire reactions for the drug reappeared when these stimulants were replaced by cocaine. 3. It was proved that cocaine administered intravenously predispose the dog faster to the state of being accustomed to the drug, than when it is administered subcutaneously. When cocaine is orally administered the symptoms of being accustomed are less remarkable and of late appearance. 4. The manageable range of cocaine is small in comparison to the manageable range of other stimulants. In the first place the convulsive dose coincides very often with the lethal dose, and the minimum lethal doses are only twice greater than the optimum stimulating ones. Furthermore the minimum subcutaneous lethal dose and the minimum intravenous lethal doses almost coincide; and the minimum oral lethal dose is only 2 or 2.5 times greater than the others. 5. Observations are made on the characteristics and mechanism of some outstanding manifestations of the acute intoxication state : excitation states, alteration of the vestibular functions, neurovegetative reactions, hyperthermia, etc.

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