Abstract

AREVALO R, Heriberto et al. Aplicación de un  programa de control de infecciones intrahospitalarias en establecimientos de salud de la región San Martín, Perú.. Rev. perú. med. exp. salud publica [online]. 2003, vol.20, n.2, pp.84-91. ISSN 1726-4634.

Objective: To set up a nosocomial infection control program (NICP) in order to change knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of health care providers in health care facilities in San Martin-Peru, July 2000 - January 2001. Material and meth- ods: Prospective intervention study. The prevalence of basal, intermediate and final nosocomial infections (NI) was deter-mined, the investigation-action methodology ("learning by doing") was used to assess changes in KAP of the target population. The staff of four health care facilities located in rural areas: Banda de Shilcayo Hospital (HABS), Nueva Cajamarca Hospital (HNC), Maternal Health Center of Tarapoto (CMP) and Lluyllucucha Health Center took place in the study. National standardized indicators were used. Results: Physicians participated in less proportion (62%) compared to nonmedical health workers (90%). Good practices regarding tools and hand-washing, use of gloves and clinical wardrobe and the management of blood and other fluids improved significantly (p<0.01). Cleaning, desinfection and sterilization of surgical rooms were also improved (p<0.01). HABS showed the highest prevalence of nosocomial infections (26.8%), and HNC the lowest (15.4%). 36% of the cases were patients with bacteremia, 36% from surgical wounds, 5% pneumonia, 2% puerperal endometritis, 5% infections in burned patients and 16% urinary tract infections. The bacterias most frequently found were Enterobacter aerogenes (32%) and Pseudomonas aeuroginosa (24%). The prevalence of NI decreased after the intervention (25.7% to 15.2%) (p0.05). Conclusions: The implementation of a NI control program improved significantly the attitudes and practices of health care workers of health facilities located in rural areas in San Martin, Peru.

Keywords : Cross infection; Infection control; Health Knowledge, attitudes, practice; Prevalence.

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