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Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica
Print version ISSN 1726-4634
Abstract
MUNOZ C, Delia; RIOS H, Graciela; VILLALVA S, Carmen and MUNOZ C, Sedelmayer. Factores asociados al diagnóstico tardío de pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar en Lima Este, Perú. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica [online]. 2004, vol.20, n.1, pp.18-22. ISSN 1726-4634.
Objective: To determine the factors associated with a late diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients from eastern Lima, Peru. Material and methods: This is a case-control study. Cases were new patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosticated after 30 days of symptoms; controls were new patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosticated before 30 days of symptoms. Results: We included 176 cases and 212 controls. 52,8% of cases were males and 51,9% of the controls are male (p0,05). 88,6% of cases and 83,0 % of controls were between 15 and 49 years old. We identified seven factors associated to a late diagnosis: age older than 15 years (OR=3,85 IC95%: 2,098-7,08), occupation: workman and trader (OR=1,59 IC95%: 1,19-2,13), living in a rural area (OR=4,48 IC95%: 2,08-9,67), self medication (OR=1,698 IC95%: 1,21-2,83), perception of a long waiting (OR=1,53 IC95%: 1,14-2,04), perception of an expensive treatment(OR=1,530 IC95%: 1,105-2,11), and the lack of knowledge about the existence of a program for tuberculosis control (OR=1,65 IC95%:1,21-2,25). Conclusions: We identified seven factors associated to a late diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: age older than 15 years, occupation: workman and trader, living in a rural area, automedication, perception of a long waiting, perception of an expensive treatment, and the lack of knowledge about the existence of a program for controlling tuberculosis; 4 of them could be changed with a health intervention.
Keywords : Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Tuberculosis Pulmonary/diagnosis; Risk factors; Peru.