Resumo

YABAR V, Carlos; CHAVEZ H, Pedro; VARAS H, Zoila  e  RODRIGUEZ B, Rafael. Identificación molecular de mutaciones puntuales relacionadas con resistencia a drogas en VIH-1 de pacientes peruanos. Rev. perú. med. exp. salud publica [online]. 2006, vol.23, n.3, pp.149-157. ISSN 1726-4634.

Objective: Identify point mutations related to HIV-1 drug resistance in Peruvian patients. Materials and methods: A total of 11 HIV-1 positive samples were selected, all were obtained from the whole blood of subjects undergoing anti-retro viral (ARV) treatment. 337 gene base pairs (bp) from reverse transcriptase (rt) and 377 bp from the whole protease gene (prt) were optimized. PCR products were sequenced directly for the analysis of resistance mutations. Final sequences were analyzed in the University of Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database programs. Results: Optimization of DNA concentration (2,5 ng / µL), as well as magnesium concentration (4mM) were critical factors for rt and prt amplification, respectively. On the other hand, the sequence analysis showed the presence of T215Y and M184V mutations in rt , implicated in zidovudine (AZT), stavudine (D4T), lamivudina (3TC) and emtricitabine (FTC) resistance, respectively. In prt, mutations D30N and N88D were observed. These mutations have been implicated in nelfinavir (NFV) resistance. It must be highlighted that only three HIV-1 positive samples showed resistance mutations. The remaining samples showed compensatory mutations. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the existence of ARV resistance mutations at the HIV-1 rt and prt levels in Peruvian patients undergoing HAART therapy. Further studies are required to establish an ARV resistance pattern in the Peruvian population.

Palavras-chave : HIV; Point mutation; Reverse transcriptase; Protease; Genotyping.

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