Resumen

ALVAREZ FRANCO, Oscar Luis. Endothelial dysfunction in naval personnel in military activity with obesity. Horiz. Med. [online]. 2015, vol.15, n.4, pp.33-43. ISSN 1727-558X.

Objective: To establish the level of endothelial dysfunction in naval personnel in military activity with obesity of the Navy of Peru, also relating the degree of endothelial dysfunction with modifiable factors (diet and physical activity), unchangeable factors (family history) and cardiovascular stratification. Material and Methods: The endothelial function was analyzed by vascular Doppler, where the flow-mediated dilation in the brachial artery of patients with type I, II and III obesity, at rest was assessed by analyzing its relationship with variables such as physical activity, type of diet, family history, age and gender; applying statistical parameters (chi-square and regression analysis) with SPSS. Descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study. Results: A total of 43.4% of endothelial dysfunction was found in all age groups, of which 49.3% were male. Of the total 173 patients, 56% performed exercises less than an hour and a total of 113 patients received over 1800kcal diet, endothelial dysfunction was found in 54% of patients in this group; 65% of patients had a positive family history, this being a statistically significant relationship (p <0.05) as well as age, sex and physical activity; diet being not statistically significant in the regression analysis parameter. Conclusion: The obese patients evaluated presented a high incidence of endothelial dysfunction, regardless of the associated variable with which it was related, because obesity is directly related to the impairment of endothelial function without the presence of pre-existing cardiovascular disease or previous military conditioning. It is suggested, to improve the endothelial alteration, exercise routines of more than one (01) hour, supervised by qualified personnel. Diet, according to the survey results, play an important but not decisive influence on the role of endothelial dysfunction. Secondarily the obese population has an affinity and adherence to monitoring programs of overweight and obesity, and nutrition system that allows the realization of different activities such as physical reconditioning in patients at high risk, however we see an inverse relationship to these programs by the institution, with increased sedentary working conditions that do not favor the proposed exercise routines. Finally, assessment of flow-mediated dilatation is a marker for cardiovascular disease, which must be considered in the selection techniques for control and monitoring, but mostly stratification of the obese patient without cardiovascular disease.

Palabras clave : endothelial dysfunction; obesity; body mass index; flow-mediated dilation.

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