Objective:

To describe the association between asthma control and adherence to treatment among patients of the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo from 2019 to 2020.

Materials and methods:

A quantitative, descriptive and retrospective clinical study was carried out in asthma patients treated at the asthma office of the Pneumology Service from the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo (HNDM) from 2019 to 2020 to assess the relationship between asthma control and adherence to treatment. The following data was collected from the medical records: test of adherence to inhalers (TAI) results, asthma control test (ACT) results, age, sex, treatment, disease period and nutritional assessment. The statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics statistical software version 22 and the association between both variables was determined by the chi-square test.

Results:

One hundred eighty-seven (187) patients were evaluated through their medical records, out of which 84 were men (44.92 %) and 103 were women (55.08 %). The mean age was 59.42 ± 15.08 years (only adults participated in the study). Data from the medical records determined that 86 patients (45.99 %) had their asthma under control and 48 showed adherence to treatment (25.67 %). Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) was the most widely used treatment (50.80 %). Irresponsible people were the most frequent noncompliant patients (64.17 %). The mean disease period was 21.78 ± 16.75.

Conclusions:

Seventy-five percent (75 %) of asthma patients who adhere to treatment are able to control their condition.

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