Abstract

YOVERA-ALDANA, Marlon et al. Bacterial resistance and associated factors in patients with infected diabetic foot with no major amputation outcomes in a Peruvian national hospital. Acta méd. Peru [online]. 2017, vol.34, n.3, pp.173-181. ISSN 1728-5917.

Objective: To determine bacterial resistance and its associated factors in patients with infected diabetic foot with no major amputation outcomes. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study, which consisted in reviewing clinical records from patients with infected diabetic foot seen during the period 2010-2014 in the Edgardo Rebagliati- Martins Hospital. According to the protocol, samples for culture consisted in tissues that were obtained after debriding the affected areas. Only aerobic media for cultures were used. Results: Eighty-eight patients were included, and 128 bacterial isolates were obtained. Most of the subjects (81.8%) were male, and their average age was 60.6 years. Three-fourths of all patients (76%) had diabetes for more than 10 years, and 18.7% had Hba1c <7.0%. According to the Wagner classification, 39.8% were grade 3 and 40.9% were grade 4. Moderated grade infections, according to the IDSA, were the most frequent instances (80.7%), as well as moderate ischemia (65.9%) , and 44% of patients had a previous infection on their diabetic foot. Only 42% of all cultures were polymicrobial, and most frequently isolated microorganisms were Escherichia coli (23.4%), Enterococcus faecalis (14.1%), and Staphylococcus aureus (13.3%). One-third (33%) of Enterobacteriaceae were Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. There was an association of having ESBL microorganisms with previous diabetic foot infections, higher CRP values and necrotizing fasciitis according to LRINEC. Most S. aureus strains (71%) were methicillin-resistant (MRSA), and this was associated with high CRP values. Conclusions: In patients with diabetic foot with no major amputation outcomes, there was a high frequency of ESBL Enterobacteriaceae and MRSA. The occurrence of a previous infection, high CRP values and LRINEC >8 were associated with the presence of ESBL, and only high CRP values were associated with MRSA

Keywords : Diabetic Foot; Drug resistance; Bacterial infections.

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