Abstract

BOERISA, Mónica Alejandra  and  ENRIQUE TOSO, Ricardo. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory action of Salpichroa origanifolia powder in comparison to nsaid used in veterinary medicine. Rev. Soc. Quím. Perú [online]. 2009, vol.75, n.3, pp.310-319. ISSN 1810-634X.

Analgesics and non steroids anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently used in veterinary medicine. These drugs are effective in acute processes, but long term use to treat chronic diseases have side effects and high cost. In our laboratory, we investigated the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Salpichroa origanifolia (n.v. huevito de gallo), a native plant of the pampas region, Argentina. Ethnopharmacologycal information resulted in initial studies in mice, and confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity of hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from desiccated aerial parts of the plant. This extract was purified, different fractions obtained and transformed into powder. Using the carrageenan test, the powder of Salpichroa origanifolia obtained by methanolic extraction showed the greater antiinflammatory effects in mice. In addition, the toxicity of powder was evaluated and it was determine that the long term administration did not produce gastric injuries or microscopic lesions in stomach, liver, kidney or brain. To evaluate the potential use powder of Salpichroa origanifolia as phytotherapeutic agent, the anti-inflammatory effect of the extract was compared with that of NSAIDs most commonly used in veterinary medicine. Using the carrageenan test in mice, the reference drug (indomethacin) showed 59% reduction of plantar edema 5 h after administration and the reduction relative to the control was 49 % for powder, 44 % for acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and 67 % for phenilbutazone. The Writhing test induced by acetic acid in mice was used to determine the analgesic effect. The analgesic effect for powder (49%) was similar to the effect of ketoprofen and ASA (54 % y52 %) and greater than the effect of phenilbutazone (41 %). In conclusion, powder of Salpichroa origanifolia has an anti-inflammatory effect comparable to ASA, a period of action longer than phenilbutazone, and a better analgesic effect than phenilbutazone and slightly inferior than ketoprofen. In different studies powder of Salpichroa origanifolia did not show evidences of toxicity and had similar anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties than some NSAIDs such as ASA. These characteristics make powder a potential phytotherapeutic agent for future clinical studies.

Keywords : Salpichroa origanifolia; anti-inflammatory; analgesic; phytotherapeutic.

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