Resumen

VASQUEZ-OCMIN et al. Chemical differentiation of three Mauritia flexuosa L. f. morphotypes from the peruvian amazony. Rev. Soc. Quím. Perú [online]. 2009, vol.75, n.3, pp.320-328. ISSN 1810-634X.

Aguaje Mauritia flexuosa L.f. presents great variability morphologic (morphotypes), represented mainly by the color of the mesocarp of their fruits, the morphotypes in study are classified as: "yellow", "color " and " shambo"; having you as objective the chemical differentiation inside this species, for that which they were carried out: the centesimal determinations, the analysis of minerals for atomic absorption, determination of total poliphenolics, acid ascorbic and main compound phenolics for HPLC reverse phase and the determination of the antioxidant activity by means of the kidnapping of free radicals DPPH. It is observed that significant differences exist among morphotypes when they are compared, standing out the high indexes of potassium in "shambo" (660,81 ± 3,45g/100g), calcium in "yellow" (137,79 ± 1,31g/100g), magnesium in "shambo" (98,61 ± 0,06g/100g). The mesocarps also contains low quantities of compound antioxidants, as the ascorbic acid, being the greater among the morphotype, "shambo" with 25,61 ± 0,55mg/100g; in the total poliphenols "color" presents bigger concentrations (212,89 mg/100g of catequin); having as a final result the drop captures of free radicals, standing out the morphotype "shambo" with a IC50 of 1201,54 ± 1,11µg/ml. One has certainty of the significant differences among morphotypes; however it was not possible to establish the most excellent morphotype as for chemical properties.

Palabras clave : Mauritia flexuosa L.f.; morphotypes; minerals; ascorbic acid; phenolics compound; antioxidant activity.

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