Resumo

SAAVEDRA NIZAMA, Félix, ALE BORJA, Neptalí, GORDILLO ROCHA, Gloria et al. Análisis por espectroscopía UV y FTIR de macerados acuosos y alcohólicos de Aloe vera L. y Aloe barbadensis Miller. Interacción con sales inorgánicas. Rev. Soc. Quím. Perú, jul./dic. 2010, vol.76, no.3, p.242-260. ISSN 1810-634X.

Natural anthraquinones - anthraquinone heteroside - Aloe vera L. and Aloe barbadensis Miller (aloe) is used as a purgative and is included in the main pharmacopoeias; on the other hand, some inorganic salts -CuSO_4.5H₂O, Bi(NO₃)₃, AgNO₃ - also included in the pharmacopoeias for its beneficial therapeutic properties. In this sense, there is the initiative to find out if these salts and FeCl3 used as reagents to quantify natural anthraquinones when mixed with aqueous and alcoholic washings of leaves of Aloe vera L. and Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe), interact with each other, when stored in airtight amber bottles and refrigerated for twelve months. FTIR spectroscopy was used to determine the presence of natural anthraquinones in ten solid waste - the salts specified - obtained by filtration after seven days of interaction with the washing mentioned, the filtrates were stored under refrigeration again (seven preparations with small amounts of dissolved salts), and analyzed by UV and FTIR after twelve months. To compare results, it was also obtained UV and FTIR spectra of aqueous and alcoholic washings of both aloes - without addition of inorganic salts and stored under refrigeration - with readings of 03, 06 days; 12 and 24 months; also were recent spectra obtained - 03 days - i n f u s i o n s o f R h e u m p a l m a t u m ( r h u b a r b ) a n d C a s s i a s e n n a L ( S e n ) . All UV spectra show characteristic absorption peaks for anthraquinone derivatives, most hipsocromic displacement; however, the FTIR spectra of all samples - solid and liquid - clearly show the maximum that corresponds to the functional group carbonyl (C = O ) within the expected range. Solid waste from the iron salts from aqueous and alcoholic preparations and the residue of the copper salt of aqueous preparation are the most significant for its crystallization. The transmittance of the corresponding FTIR spectra relatively indicate, increased of free anthracene derivatives - according to the washing which it was originated - and for copper by displacement of the maximum towards to shorter wavelength, perhaps to form copper chelates.

Palavras-chave: anthraquinones in Aloe vera L. Aloe barbadensis Miller; FTIR spectroscopy; interaction inorganic salts.