Resumo

LIGARDA SAMANEZ, Carlos A., REPO-CARRASCO, Ritva, ENCINA ZELADA, Christian R. et al. Extracción con soluciones neutra y alcalina para el aislamiento de fibra soluble e insoluble a partir de salvado de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus L.) y cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen.). Rev. Soc. Quím. Perú, jan./jun. 2012, vol.78, no.1, p.53-64. ISSN 1810-634X.

In the present research, characterization of the components of total dietary fiber of 3 varieties of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), 3 varieties of kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus L.) and 3 varieties of cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen), was carried out. For further studies, the following varieties of each andean crop were chosen due to their high content of soluble dietary fiber quinoa: Salcedo INIA variety, kiwicha: Morocho variety and cañihua: Cupi variety. These cereals were processed by milling and sieving to obtain brans which were analyzed for their dietary fiber content and components. These operations allowed concentrating the soluble dietary fiber in the brans. The soluble and insoluble dietary fibers were isolated using two different methods: extraction with neutral solution and extraction with basic solution. The first method consisted in extracting with water the fractions of soluble dietary fiber of the brans. These fractions were purified by physicochemical methods and lyophilized to obtain fractions rich in soluble and insoluble dietary fiber. In the second method basic solution was used to obtain fractions rich in soluble and insoluble dietary fiber. Once the fractions rich in soluble and insoluble dietary fiber were prepared, physicochemical and techno functional properties of these fractions were evaluated. The yield of the two methods of extraction was calculated, as well. The results of this research demonstrated that the most adequate method of extraction of the dietary fiber fractions is the method which uses neutral solvents.

Palavras-chave: Chenopodium quinoa Willd; Amaranthus caudatus L.; Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen; dietary fiber; neutral and alkaline methods.