Abstract

CHAVEZ FERNANDEZ, Jorge; LIZARRAGA LAZO, Virginia  and  VARGAS DE NIETO, Eleana. Chemical physical characterization of volatile components of Tecoma fulva subsp. arequipensis (cahuato). Rev. Soc. Quím. Perú [online]. 2020, vol.86, n.3, pp.246-259. ISSN 1810-634X.  http://dx.doi.org/10.37761/rsqp.v86i3.298.

The genus Tecoma consists of 14 species, distributed throughout the Americas; grows in tropical areas. In the Arequipa - Peru region, there are three species, one of them being T. fulva subsp. arequipensis, which was collected in the Sogay district at 2 600 m.s.n.m. of the Arequipa region. The volatile components were extracted by steam distillation in water, the yield was 0.40% in fresh sample leaves and flowers, obtaining a whitresin, density 0.85 g / mL, refractive index 1.464 at 20°C and soluble in ethanol; the presence of terpenes was detected by thin layer chromatography. By the extraction method of maceration in dichloromethane and petroleum ether of leaves and flowers of a dry sample with 13 % residual humidity, it was concentrated in a rotary evaporator obtaining 5.4 % of dry extract, the extract was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to In a mass spectrum (GC/MS), 11 components were identified in leaves, the majority component being terpinen-4-ol with 37.45% abundance, of the dichloromethane extract. In the ether extract of flowers, 18 constituents were identified, the main component being phytol with 16.38 % abundance. In the ethanolic extract of leaves of T. fulva subsp. arequipensis purified by CC-GC/ MS in three fractions the presence of was detected: fraction 1 γ-sitosterol was identified with 50.1% abundance, fraction 3 hexadecanoic acid was identified with 55.2 % abundance and in fraction 4 1,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2H-indol-2-one was identified with 36.1% abundance. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) confirmed the presence of: alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids, α, β unsaturated ketones, alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbons and amines; It is important to highlight that the components detected and identified are terpenoids and sesquiterpenoids.

Keywords : Tecoma fulva subsp. arequipensis; dichloromethane extract; terpenes and sesquiterpenoids; GC-MS; FTIR.

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