Abstract

MARMOLEJO GUTARRA, Doris  and  RUIZ VELASQUEZ, Jerson Eleazar. Tolerance of native potatoes (Solanum spp.) to frost in the context of climate change. Scientia Agropecuaria [online]. 2018, vol.9, n.3, pp.393-400. ISSN 2077-9917.  http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2018.03.10.

With the objective of identifying varieties of native potatoes with tolerance to frost, research was carried out in three localities of the central highlands of Peru: Pahual and Paltarumi (Pariahuanca), Huancayo, and Huayllacancha (Yanacancha), Chupaca, Junín. The population consisting of 10 varieties was installed by completely randomized block design. Morphological characters and frost severity were evaluated. The results show that the varieties that showed tolerance to frost in the three localities were Yana huancuy (Solanum chaucha), Chaulina (S. phureja), Huamantanga blue (S.chaucha), Camotillo and Peruanita (S. goniocalyx), which presented two layers of palisades of leaf parenchyma, very thick leaves with rough relief and purple stem. In number of stomata, Yana huancuy (Pahual), Chaulina (Paltarumi), Chaulina (Yanacancha) and Chaulina (Combined) stood out with 7.25; 7.29; 7.18 and 7.22 stomata per optical field, respectively. In percentage of severity of the damage by frost, those of smaller damage were Chaulina (Pahual) and Camotillo (Paltarumi) with 14.81 and 14.57%, respectively. It is concluded that the frost tolerant varieties had two palisade layers of the parenchyma and greater thickness with rough relief in leaves, greater number of stomata and stems with purple pigmentation; these morphological characters consider in the genetic improvement of the potato.

Keywords : morphological characters; tolerance to frost.

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