Abstract

CIEZA-YAMUNAQUE, Liliana  and  COILA-PARICAHUA, Edgar. Pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation in the pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital, 2015-2018. Rev. Fac. Med. Hum. [online]. 2019, vol.19, n.3, pp.19-26. ISSN 1814-5469.  http://dx.doi.org/10.25176/RFMH.v19i3.2167.

Introduction: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) increases the risk of mortality by 2 to 3 times. Objectives: To know characteristics of VAP, determining VAP infection rates, analyze related factors, isolated germs, antibiotic sensitivity and mortality. Methods: Descriptive, retrospective study in patients with VAP 2015-2018. The data was obtained from the Rikchary program of a pediatric intensive care unit, analyzed with SPSS 24.00. Results: There were 60 cases of VAP, with average annual rates of 9.8 per 1000 days of mechanical ventilation (MV). 65% of the VAPs were late diagnosed after 5 days of MV, the average MV days were 15, 25% of the patients were re-admitted to MV. The average hospitalization was 31 days. The most frequent germs were Stenotrophomona maltophilia sensitive 81% to Cotrimoxazol and Pseudomona aureginosa sensitive 80% to cefepime, 90% to Amikacin and between 50% to 60% to carbapenemens. The mortality was 15%. Conclusion: The average annual rate of VAP in the evaluated service is within international standards, the most frequent type is late, was more frequent in children under 6 months and male. Malnutrition, congenital heart disease, mechanical ventilation time, days of hospitalization and surgeries were found in a greater proportion in patients with VAP. The most frequent negative gram and 15% mortality.

Keywords : Pneumonia; Ventilator-Associated; Cross Infection; Intensive Care Units; Pediatric.

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