Resumen

MARIN M, Diego. Congenital microtia and congenital aural atresia: A literature review. Rev. Fac. Med. Hum. [online]. 2024, vol.24, n.4, pp.180-189.  Epub 31-Oct-2024. ISSN 1814-5469.  http://dx.doi.org/10.25176/rfmh.v24i4.6454.

Permanent hearing loss is common at birth, and the negative consequences for language, speech, cognitive, and social-emotional skills are particularly important. Congenital microtia and aural atresia is a disorder of the external ear that can occur in isolation or in association with another malformation. The objective of the present study was to know and compile the current evidence on microtia and aural atresia. The PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO databases were consulted from 2010 to 2023. All bibliographic references related to the keywords "microtia" and "aural atresia" were searched. Review and research articles, generally published within the last 5 years, were evaluated. The search was limited to articles in Spanish and English, identified by their titles. Once the relevant articles were identified, the inclusion criteria were: 1. Articles that examined the diagnosis and treatment of congenital microtia and aural atresia. 2. Articles that addressed the topic using a systematic methodology (quantitative, qualitative, etc.). In conclusion, the causes of these disorders are not fully understood. Auditory evoked potentials and audiometry are the tests of choice for cases of congenital microtia and aural atresia. Surgical correction is often not the preferred treatment; hearing outcomes are not better than those of bone conduction devices. Moreover, the functional aspect should be prioritized over aesthetics, as early hearing loss affects language development in the child.

Palabras clave : Congenital microtia; outer ear; external auditory canal; conductive hearing loss; neonatal screening (Source: MeSH NLM).

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