Resumen

CHAUCA ESPINOZA, Karen et al. Extraction of total reducing sugars TRS by physical and chemical methods from plant of Zea mays (Poaceae) "hard yellow maize. Arnaldoa [online]. 2017, vol.24, n.1, pp.289-300. ISSN 1815-8242.  http://dx.doi.org/10.22497/arnaldoa.241.24112.

The lignin and the cellulose can not always be used in their natural form, they need to be hydrolyzed, and it can be carried out by enzymes, with acids or with bases; the last ones have the advantage of improving the hydrolysis of the cellulose. The alternative of using lignocellulosic residues in the production of bioethanol and single-cell protein is today a highly promising possibility due to its wide availability in the world. In the present work, different methods of hydrolysis of the lignocellulosic residue of plant of Zea mays (Poaceae) "hard yellow maize" were evaluated with the purpose of determining the most appropiate method for the extraction of total reducing sugars TRS and then use them as substrate in fermentative processes for single-cell protein and bioethanol production. We used dry and fractionated plant with particle size <1.0 mm and we evaluated it through chemical and physical hydrolysis methods and the combination of both using as extractant solutions sterile distilled water, sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide 1.25 %. The relation plant-solvent used in all treatments was 1:10. The determination of total reducing sugars was carried out in the filtrates obtained with each treatment using the Folin-Wu method. The results indicate that the maximum concentration of total reducing sugars obtained are 82.94 and 84.18 g/L, after carrying out the mixed hydrolysis as a result of the combination of physical and physicochemical methods.

Palabras clave : total reducing sugars; plant; leaves; stem; Zea mays.

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