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Arnaldoa
versión impresa ISSN 1815-8242versión On-line ISSN 2413-3299
Resumen
CONDEMARIN MONTEALEGRE, Carlos et al. Effect of Bacteria Native from Cultivated and Pristine Soil on the Control of Root Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne Javanica, Under in Vitro Conditions and Biomass Production. Arnaldoa [online]. 2018, vol.25, n.2, pp.515-528. ISSN 1815-8242. http://dx.doi.org/http://doi.org/10.22497/arnaldoa.252.25211.
Root-knot nematodes are the most damaging pathogens for most crops as they reduce crop yield. Some chemical nematicides are still being applied in the field in spite of their negative effect on the environment. New alternatives such as the use of antagonistic microorganisms are necessary to reduce the damage caused by these pathogens. In this study, we isolated and molecularly characterized the 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes from grape cultivated and pristine soil bacteria, as well as from the galling nematode, respectively. We evaluated the effect of bacterial strains on juvenile nematode mortality under in vitro conditions using multi-well plates. In addition, we evaluated bacterial growth on a culture medium composed of a hydrobiological hydrolysate supplemented with molasses. Sequencing results identified the Meloidogyne javanica nematode, which causes disease in the grapevine culture samples, with a 98% similarity. We isolated 66 bacterial strains and selected 10 of them from both crop soil samples to evaluate their nematicidal capacity. Strains 9C and 11C of Pseudomonas putida; 1BSN and 2BSN of Bacillus subtilis, caused higher mortality in nematodes. Subsequently, these potential strains showed an optimal growth level when cultured at higher concentrations than 107 CFU/ml using 1% hydrolysate and 1% molasses compared to commercial products. These data point to a significant reduction in the cost of biomass production of nematode-controlling bacterial strains for their future greenhouse and field applications
Palabras clave : Bacteria; nematodes; biocontrol agents; in vitro.