Abstract

ROJAS RUIZ, Candace et al. Development of "sugar beet" and "fodder beet" Beta vulgaris L. (Amaranthaceae) directly sowed in northern Peruvian highlands . Arnaldoa [online]. 2018, vol.25, n.3, pp.989-1002. ISSN 1815-8242.  http://dx.doi.org/10.22497/arnaldoa.253.25311.

In the highlands, in Puna and Jalca region: a very humid montane grassland, where freezing is normal at any moment, two experiments with sugar beet crop (one with two cultivars, and one with one cultivar) and one experiment with fodder beet were made, all of them directly sowed. Experiments with sugar beet were made at Huaynas Village, Huaso District, Julcan Province, at 3887 m a.s.l., and at Chinchinvara Village, Huaso District, Julcan Province, at 3564 m a.s.l.; and with fodder beet at El Bado Village, Quiruvilca District, Santiago de Chuco Province, at 3718 m a.s.l. Doses of 0, 100 and 200 kgN ha^-1 were studied in sugar beet, in random complete blocks with 12 replications; and in fodder beet 100 000, 150 000 and 200 000 plants per hectare in random complete blocks with 9 replications. Significantly differences between treatments were found in one experiment with sugar beet, but no differences were found in the other one. No statistical differences were found in fodder beet. Until three months, development of crops was similar in sugar and fodder beets. After that age, just fodder beet continued its development because it was irrigated. Sugar beet plants showed resistance to sporadic freezing of rainy season and to very frequent freezing of dry season. Sugar beet yields are very low (less than 6.6t ha^-1) because of the water stress during its development. Fodder beet had normal yields (between 37.65t ha^-1 and 62.95t ha^-1), in spite of its development in winter season enduring freezing almost every day, because it had complementary irrigation.

Keywords : Beta vugaris; sugar beet; fodder beet; Andean highlands; Jalca region; Peru.

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