Abstract

ESCOBEDO PAREDES, Cristhian Rafael et al. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of copper nanoparticles on Allium cepa L. (Amaryllidaceae). Arnaldoa [online]. 2020, vol.27, n.1, pp.181-190. ISSN 1815-8242.  http://dx.doi.org/10.22497/arnaldoa.271.27110.

biological models for the evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of various substances, which is why the effect of different concentrations of copper nanoparticles on the meristematic root tissue of A. cepa was determined through the Allium-test, obtaining mitotic, phase and anomaly indices. With the help of the technique of pulsed laser ablation in liquid medium nanoparticles were obtained, later they were characterized using electronic microscopy in the dimensional and shape determination. The preparation of the plates with meristematic root cell population involved the technique of Tjio and Levan for its coloration and its reading was done using an optical microscope. Three concentrations of copper nanoparticles (1.0ppm, 1.5ppm, 2.0ppm) and one control (0ppm) were used. The treatment with the highest concentration (T4: 2.0ppm) produced the greatest reduction in mitotic, metaphasic, anaphasic and telophasic index, both for one and for four hours of recovery, reaching a mitotic index of 4.9% and 1.2% respectively, compared to the control treatment with 13.0% and 13.4% respectively. A genotoxic effect was observed with the presence of anomalies of the hereditary material such as anaphasic bridges, binucleated cells and amorphous telophases. The rate of abnormalities with T4 reached 0.03% for both one and four hours of recovery respectively. It was concluded that the higher the concentration of nanoparticles the mitotic index decreases significantly and the rate of abnormalities increases.

Keywords : Allium cepa L.; cytotoxicity; genetoxicity; copper nanoparticles; laser ablation.

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